Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2009
Forfattere
Hugh RileySammendrag
Orientering til prosjektgruppe i Scandinavian Turfgrass and Environmental Research Foundation
Sammendrag
Result from open top chambers with change in temperature, CO2-concentration and irradiance on the frost tolerance of rhizomes of Elymus repens, and roots of Cirsium arvense and Sonchus arvensis are reported.
Forfattere
Kirsten TørresenSammendrag
Result from open top chambers with change in temperature, CO2-concentration and irradiance on the frost tolerance of rhizomes of Elymus repens, and roots of Cirsium arvense and Sonchus arvensis are reported.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
In a four year project (2008-2011) the potential will be examined for commercial production of the European blueberry (V. myrtillus ) inNorway, with most effort investigating semi-cultivation practices on forestland. However, adaption to growth on agricultural land will alsobe in focus as well as selecting superior clones adapted to Norwegian regions, and development of effective propagation methods. Also, it isgiven priority to find how the European blueberry (EB) react to climatic parameters, which will be examined under controlled experimentsand paralleled by meteorological data from forest fields.
Forfattere
Tor J. JohansenSammendrag
Carrots are grown commercially on relatively small fields (1-10 Ha) on a total of about 1400 Ha in Norway. Other umbelliferous crops are of minor economic importance. The carrot fly (Psila rosae) causes damage in all regions where carrots are grown, also in Northern Norway (70 ºN). One or two generations of the fly may develop. Most carrot growers in Norway apply crop rotation, crop covers or insecticide sprays based on monitoring by yellow sticky traps and treatment thresholds. In addition there is a day-degree forecasting system available. Recently, there has been a change from OP (diazinon) sprays aiming at larvae to pyretroid sprays against adult flies. Many growers report an improved carrot fly control the latest years. We recommend the use of at least five traps placed along the field edge where the flies are expected to arrive, about 5-10 m into the field. It is also recommended that traps are controlled 2-3 times per week until the first flies have been observed. The first spray is normally applied immediately after first fly catch, if the carrot plants have reached the two-leaf stage. Later spraying decisions are based on weekly fly counts and a treatment threshold of 4-5 flies per week.
Forfattere
Tor J. JohansenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Conor Nugent Derek Bridge Glen Murphy Bernt-Håvard ØyenSammendrag
In forestry, it is important to be able to accurately determine the volume of timber in a harvesting site and the products that could potentially be produced from that timber. We describe new terrestrial scanning technology that can produce a greater volume of higher quality data about individual trees. We show, however, that scanner data still often produces an incomplete profile of the individual trees. We describe Cabar, a case-based reasoning system that can interpolate missing sections in the scanner data and extrapolate to the upper reaches of the tree. Central to Cabar’s operation is a new asymmetric distance function, which we define in the paper. We report some preliminary experimental results that compare Cabar with a traditional approach used in Ireland. The results indicate that Cabar has the potential to better predict the market value of the products.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
European ash (Fraxinus excelsior), also known as common ash, occurs naturally inland in lower areas of southeastern Norway and along the southern coast of the country. It is important both as a forest and ornamental tree. During the last decade, dieback has become a disastrous disease on F. excelsior in many European countries. The anamorphic fungus Chalara fraxinea T. Kowalski (1), described for the first time from dying ash trees in Poland, is now considered the cause of ash dieback (2). In May of 2008, C. fraxinea was isolated from 1.5 m high diseased F. excelsior in a nursery in Østfold County in southeastern Norway. Symptoms included wilting, necrotic lesions around leaf scars and side branches, and discoloration of the wood. From symptomatic branches, small pieces (approximately 1 cm3) were excised in the transition area between healthy and discolored wood. After surface sterilization (10 s in 70% ethanol + 90 s in NaOCl), the pieces were air dried for 1 min in a safety cabinet, cut into smaller pieces, and placed on media. The fungus was isolated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and water agar (WA). On PDA, the cultures were tomentose, light orange, and grew slowly (21 mm mean colony diameter after 2 weeks at room temperature). Typical morphological features of C. fraxinea developed in culture. Brownish phialides (14.8 to 30.0 [19.5] × 2.5 to 5.0 [4.1] μm, n = 50) first appeared in the center of the colonies on the agar plugs that had been transferred. The agar plugs were 21 days old when phialides were observed. Abundant sporulation occurred 3 days later. Conidia (phialospores) extruded apically from the phialides and formed droplets. Conidia measured 2.1 to 4.0 (3.0) × 1.4 to 1.9 (1.7) μm (n = 50). The first-formed conidia from each phialide were different in size and shape from the rest by being longer (6 μm, n = 10) and more narrow in the end that first appeared at the opening of the phialide. Internal transcribed spacer sequencing confirmed that the morphological identification was correct (Accession No. EU848544 in GenBank). A pathogenicity test was carried out in June of 2008 by carefully removing one leaf per plant on 10 to 25 cm high F. excelsior trees (18 trees) and placing agar plugs from a 31-day-old C. fraxinea culture (isolate number 10636) on the leaf scars and covering with Parafilm. After 46 days, isolations were carried out as described above from discolored wood that had developed underneath necrotic lesions in the bark and subsequently caused wilting of leaves. All the inoculated plants showed symptoms, and C. fraxinea was successfully reisolated. No symptoms were seen on uninoculated control plants (eight trees) that had received the same treatment except that sterile PDA agar plugs had been used.