Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
Forfattere
Liv Guri VelleSammendrag
Eit vitskapleg foredrag om biomangfaldet ein finn i det vestnorske fjordlandskapet. Om korleis naturgitte variasjonar påverkar mangfaldet, og om korleis naturressursar og folk over tid gir oss naturtypar med eit særeige biologiske mangfald. Foredraget har med resultat og eksempel frå verdsarvområdet.
Forfattere
Steffen AdlerSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Et foredrag om forslag til metode for overvåking av naturtypen kystlynghei - om arealrepresentativitet, grunntyper, variabler og robusthet
Forfattere
Camilla BaumannSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Michael Bekken Dimitrios Pavlou Jingyi Huang Chase M. Straw Christopher J. Kucharik Douglas J. SoldatSammendrag
Three water balance models were used to quantify water use efficiency on 71 golf courses in the United States. The golf courses were separated into five geographic regions. The United States Golf Association (USGA), Tipping‐Bucket (TB), and Agro‐IBIS (AG) water balance models were used to estimate golf course water requirements. Actual water use was divided by the water requirement from each model to generate three water efficiency scores for each golf course (WES USGA , WES TB , and WES AG ). The mean WES USGA was 1.16, the mean WES TB was 1.25, and the mean WES AG was 1.17. Thus, golf courses in this study used between 16% and 25% more water than predicted by the three models. The coefficients of variation of WES USGA , WES TB , and WES AG were all 0.45 or higher, indicating that some golf courses used significantly more or less water than predicted by the models. Rooting depth, irrigated area, and soil texture were especially important modeling parameters for the golf course water requirement calculations. While onsite evaluation should still be carried out to verify the assumptions made by the water balance models, the models are promising tools to quickly identify golf course superintendents who are likely to be using water efficiently and those who could use less.
Forfattere
Alison R Willette Pete A Berry Andrew C Branka Nicole P Anderson Navneet KaurSammendrag
The aim of this study was to determine insecticide efficacy for symphylan Scutigerella immaculata (Newport) control when establishing tall fescue grown for seed. Activated carbon is commonly sprayed over grass seed rows during establishment, followed by a broadcast application of nonselective herbicide where the carbon absorbs the herbicide and the grass germinates through the carbon layer. On April 24, 2024, a tall fescue (cv ‘Titanium GLS’) trial was planted in a symphylan-infested field at the Oregon State University’s Hyslop Research Laboratory near Corvallis, Oregon using a John Deere 5055 tractor and Sunflower 9312 drill seeder. The seeding rate was 11 lbs/acre and seeding depth 0.35 inch. Plot size was 30 ft × 16.3 ft with four replications of each insecticide treatment. During planting, activated carbon (OXPURE 325A-9, Puragen Activated Carbons, Palm Beach Gardens, FL) was applied directly over the seed row in a 1 to 1.5-inch band at 16.67 lbs/acre at 20-inch row spacing (300 lbs/acre broadcast rate). The insecticide treatments listed in Table were tank mixed with the activated carbon and applied during planting using a tractor-mounted sprayer calibrated to 50 gal/acre at 15 psi and equipped with Teejeet 8008 VA nozzles. Insecticide application was immediately followed by a broadcast application of Diuron 4L (diuron) herbicide at 2 lbs/acre AI for weed control. Treatments received 0.4 inches of rainfall and 0.5 inches of irrigation water within 24 hours of planting and treatment application. Above-ground percent crop cover data were collected from two randomly selected 4 ft × 1 ft quadrants within each plot by photographing the crop at 48 and 65 DAT (days after treatment). Mean percent crop cover data were analyzed using green canopy cover measurement in the 2024 Canopeo App and evaluated in SAS 9.4 using ANOVA and means separated using Fisher’s protected LSD (P ≤ 0.05) as shown in Table 1.
Forfattere
Surendra Bhattarai Hari P. Poudel Nicole P. Anderson Calvin L. YoderSammendrag
Abstract Timothy ( Phleum pratense L.) is a cool‐season perennial forage grass species widely utilized for animal feed and fodder in temperate regions of the world. Timothy is one of the main forage grass crops grown for seed in the Peace Region of western Canada. Timothy performs well under well‐fertilized and high‐moisture soils, but seed production fields are prone to lodging under such conditions. Lodging in grass crops reduces seed production through self‐shading, which limits successful pollination, fertilization, and seed fill. In this study, we investigated the effects of two plant growth regulators (PGRs), chlormequat chloride (CCC) and trinexapac‐ethyl (TE), on plant height, lodging, seed weight, and seed yield of timothy for 8 site‐years. The study encompassed 5 years at one site with crop stands in their first to fifth year of seed production and 3 years at a second site with crop stands in their first to third year of seed production. The PGRs were applied alone (TE and CCC) and in a mix (TE + CCC) at the 2–3 node (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt, and Chemische Industrie [BBCH] 32–33) and early heading (BBCH 51–52) growth stages. The application of PGRs (TE, CCC, and their mix) at two different growth stages showed a differential decrease in lodging and plant height and an increase in seed yield in all but 1 site year. Among the PGR treatments, CCC applied at the BBCH 32–33 was the most effective in increasing seed yield and economic returns of timothy.
Forfattere
Mohammed M. Morad Nicole P. Anderson Thomas G. ChastainSammendrag
Abstract Little is known about seed development and its contribution to seed yield components in orchardgrass ( Dactylis glomerata L.). Field trials were conducted in 2018 and 2019 to investigate orchardgrass seed development and the effects of four trinexapac‐ethyl (TE) plant growth regulator and spring nitrogen (N) treatments on this process: untreated control, TE (210 g ai ha −1 ), spring N (112 kg ha −1 ), and TE + N. Regression analyses were used to elucidate seed development in three spikelet positions. In 2018, seed weight increased over growing degree days (GDD) in a bi‐phasic segmented pattern in seed from distal and central spikelets but increases were linear from proximal spikelets. In 2019, seed weight increased in proximal spikelets following a bi‐phasic segmented function, while seed weight increase in central spikelets was also bi‐phasic, except for the TE treatment. Seed growth rate varied among spikelet positions, ranging from 0.22 to 0.34 mg GDD −1 per 100 seeds. The seed growth rate varied among TE and N treatments, ranging from 0.31 to 0.47 mg GDD −1 per 100 seeds. The TE + N treatment had the shortest seed filling duration and one of the smallest seed growth rate values, producing low seed weight. The TE + N treatment produced high seed number and yield, indicating a reduction in seed abortion or shattering. Seed carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content increased during seed development and peak deposition preceded physiological maturity. No effects of TE on deposition of C or N in orchardgrass seed occurred.
Sammendrag
The goal of this study was to begin developing a methodology with which individual golf courses can measure their soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and sequestration. We propose a two‐tiered methodology that starts with the space‐for‐time substitution method but then graduates to the longitudinal method. Space‐for‐time allows golf courses to compare their SOC stock to the SOC stock of the surrounding land use, whereas the longitudinal method provides a high‐resolution carbon sequestration estimate after 5 years. The first tier of this methodology was tested on two golf courses that are part of the same golf facility in the United Kingdom. The two golf courses and the agricultural fields adjacent to them, which also represented the historical land use of the golf courses, were sampled to determine their SOC stocks. We recognize that the SOC stock trajectories of the golf courses and neighboring crop fields are unknown, and thus we do not use the term carbon sequestration to describe the differences in carbon stocks between the two land uses. Instead, we use the term counterfactual carbon storage to describe that the SOC stock of the surrounding agricultural fields was the best available representation of what the SOC stock of the land the golf courses are now on would have been had the golf courses not been built. We found the golf courses had higher SOC stocks than the surrounding agricultural fields, which corresponded to 0.41 and 0.77 Mg C ha −1 year −1 more carbon in the soils of the golf courses than on the surrounding agricultural fields. Maintenance emissions from the time of construction to the present were also estimated to calculate the lifecycle net climate impact of the golf courses. Our results highlight the importance of emissions reductions if golf courses are to be carbon neutral throughout their lifecycle.
Sammendrag
As summer droughts become more common and water resources more precious, some golf courses in Scandinavia are turning to lower quality irrigation water to irrigate their courses. We visited seven golf courses on the Baltic coast of Sweden using lower quality irrigation water to interview superintendents and to take soil and water samples for salinity analysis. Four of the seven golf courses experience salinity stress regularly, primarily in a 6–8 week period in July and August. Soil and water samples taken at the seven golf courses in October 2024 generally did not exceed salinity thresholds for cool‐season turfgrasses, but retesting of water and soil will be conducted again in 2025 with at least one of the sampling events conducted during the summer period in which salinity stress symptoms usually occur.