Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2008
Forfattere
Kathrine Høybakk Anita Tøsse T. Nilsen Silje Engdal Bent Håvard Hellum Jens Rohloff Mette Thomsen Odd Georg NilsenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er både et politisk og helsefaglig ønske om økt forbruk av frukt og grønnsaker i Norge, og det er enighet om at det er nødvendig med god produktkvalitet for å oppnå dette. Grunnlaget for å oppnå bedre kvalitet, med spesiell fokus på god smak og helseeffekter, må være bedre kjennskap til hvordan de dyrkningsmessige faktorene påvirker disse.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Clonal plants of Leuzea charthamoides and Rhodiola rosea, and plants from a seed population of Serratula coronata, were grown in a phytotrone under controlled conditions at 9"C, 15"C, 21"C day/9"C night and 21"C. All these treatments had 24 hours of light (long day). In addition there was one treatment at 21"C with only 12 hours light (short day). Each treatment had 28, 36 and 40 individuals of Rhodiola, Leuzea and Serratula respectively. Plants were harvested after 4 months and plant height and number of leaves were recorded. Leaves of Serratula and roots of Leuzea and Rhodiola were dried and analyzed for adaptogenic compounds. Number of shoots and dry weight of roots of Rhodiola increased from 9"C to 15"C. Differentiated day and night temperature with a temperature sum of 15"C further increased the growth. The highest temperature, 21"C, produced the lowest number of shoots and the lowest dry weight of roots. The results indicate that the concentration of most of the analyzed adaptogenic compounds was not effected by temperature, while the levels of total rosavins were highest at 9"C. The temperature effect of plant height and dry weight of roots of Leuzea was comparable to the results of Rhodiola, but with a slightly better growth at 21"C. On the contrary, Serratula seems to prefer warmer temperatures and produced most leaves at 21"C. At 21"C, all three species preferred long days (24 h light) compared to short days (12 h light). The results of this experiment indicate that it might be an advantage to grow Rhodiola and Leuzea at low average temperatures, while Serratula should be grown at slightly warmer places, however, it must be remembered that the experiment is limited to certain clones of each species.
Sammendrag
Clonal plants of Leuzea charthamoides and Rhodiola rosea and plants from one seedpopulation of Serratula coronata were grown at 5 different temperature treatments in a phytotrone. The treatments were 9, 15, 21 day/9 night and 21 degrees. All these treatments had 24 hours of light. In addition there was one treatment at 21 degrees with only 12 hours day. At 21 degrees the growth was reduced by short days for all species. Rhodiola grow best at low temperatures (9 degrees) and results indicate that it prefers differentiated day/night temperatures. On the contrary Serratula grows best at 21 degrees, and had a very slow growth at 9 degrees. The analysis of the level of adaptogens is not available yet.
Sammendrag
Plant polyphenolics continue to be the focus of attention with regard to their putative impact on human health. An increasing and ageing human population means that the focus on nutrition and nutritional enhancement, or optimization of our foodstuffs, is paramount. Using raspberry as a model we have shown how modern metabolic profiling approaches can be used to identify the changes in the level of beneficial polyphenolics in fruit breeding segregating populations and how the level of these components are to what degree these are determined by genetic and/or environmental control. Interestingly, the Vitamin C content appeared to be significantly influenced by environment (growth conditions) whilst the content of the polyphenols such as cyanidin, pelargonidin and quercetin glycosides appeared to much more tightly regulated suggesting a rigorous genetic control. Preliminary metabolic profiling showed that the fruit polyphenolic profiles divided into two gross groups segregating on the basis of relative levels of cyanidin-3-sophoroside and cyaniding-3-rutinoside, compounds implicated as conferring human health benefits.
Sammendrag
Hovedmålet i prosjektet har vært å etablere dyrkingsfelt med molte for lønnsom produksjon. Det har vært med dyrkere fra Finnmark, Troms, Nordland og Nord-Trøndelag. Fiberduk har vært prøvd for å gi raskere etablering. Måling av grunnvannstanden viser at det er viktig å følge med denne etter som molte er avhengig av stabil vanntilgang for å gi god avling. Ut fra registreringer i pro-sjektet ser det ut til at småplanter gir sikrest etablering, men er dyrere enn rhizomer. Utlegging av ruter med foredlingsmateriale (kloner) hos dyrkerne med tanke på nye sorter av molte har gitt nyttig bidrag for vurdering av hvilke kloner det bør satses videre på. Utfordringene innen molte-dyrking er først og fremst at det tar 3-4 år før feltet begynner å gi avling og dermed mulighet for inntekt. Dessuten kan oppblomstring av uønska vegetasjon i bedene og tilfredsstillende overleving av småplanter og rhizomer være utfordringer.
Sammendrag
Tannin-enriched extracts from raspberry, cloudberry and strawberry were analysed by liquid chromatography"mass spectrometric (LC"MS) techniques. The raspberry and cloudberry extracts contained a similar mixture of identifiable ellagitannin components and ellagic acid. However, the strawberry extract contained a complex mixture of ellagitannin and proanthocyanidin components that could not be adequately resolved to allow identification of individual peaks. Nevertheless, the negative ESI-MS spectra obtained by direct infusion mass spectrometric (DIMS) analysis described the diversity of these samples. For example, the predominance of signals associated with Lambertianin C in cloudberry and Sanguiin H6 in raspberry tannin extracts could be discerned and the diversity of signals from procyanidin and propelargonidin oligomers could be identified in the strawberry extract. The dose response for the main ellagitannin-derived signals in the raspberry tannin sample revealed a saturation effect probably due to ion suppression effects in the ion trap spectrometer. Nevertheless, DIMS spectra of whole berry extracts described qualitative differences in ellagitannin-derived peaks in raspberry, cloudberry and strawberry samples. In addition, positive mode DIMS spectra illustrated qualitative differences in the anthocyanin composition of berries of progeny from a raspberry breeding population that had been previously analysed by LC"MS. This suggests that DIMS could be applied to rapidly assess differences in polyphenol content, especially in large sample sets such as the progeny from breeding programmes.