Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2024
Abstract
Semi-natural grasslands are amongst the most species-rich habitats in Scandinavia and elsewhere in Europe. However, the ecological values of these habitats are threatened, by intensification of agriculture in some areas and by abandonment in others. A key question is whether current measures aiming to protect this biodiversity in Norway are in fact successful. We evaluated, in the field, the condition of 55 localities of semi-natural pastures and hay meadows recorded in the Norwegian nature database, Naturbase. We found that only 20 localities (36%) were receiving the agri-environmental subsidies for which they were all eligible. All but one of the localities receiving the subsidies were in fair to good condition, compared with just 41% of the localities that did not receive subsidies. However, only four the 16 most valuable localities, those classed as nationally important, received agri-environmental subsidies. Through a questionnaire to landowners, we found that many were not aware of the biodiversity value on their properties. Of 33 respondents, 20 (61%) knew that they had these valuable ecosystems on their property, whilst 13 (39%) did not. Further, twenty respondents were not aware that they were eligible for financial support to maintain their species-rich grasslands. We conclude that to achieve long-term conservation in habitats dependent on management, it is essential to improve dialogue with landowners.
Authors
Christian Pedersen Svein Olav Krøgli Shivesh Karan Grete Stokstad Svein Dale Wendy Fjellstad Sebastian EiterAbstract
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Authors
Diress Tsegaye Alemu Christian Pedersen Svein Olav Krøgli Anders Bryn Kerstin Potthoff Wenche DramstadAbstract
Mountain areas in Norway provide important resources for livestock grazing. These resources are crucial for agricultural production in a country with limited agricultural land and a climate and topography that restrict production of feed and food. A key contributor in the harvest of these resources has been mountain summer farming and outfield grazing in general. However, the use of mountainous grazing resources has been declining strongly for several decades with the regrowth of formerly open areas as a consequence. In contrast, recreational use, number of holiday cabins and associated infrastructure is rapidly increasing. Conflicts between recreational and agriculture use have received increasing attention in different media. We investigated the spatial patterns of cabin development and key grazing areas in Norwegian mountain areas, analysing data on livestock, cabins, and associated infrastructure. We found a large number of cabins and associated infrastructure within high-quality grazing areas indicating that the quality of grazing has not been adequately considered in the location of new cabins. Taking into consideration that cabin development seems not to decrease, the reduced availability of grazing resources may result in an increasing level of conflict and also impact food security in the long run.
Abstract
Rapporten presenterer muligheter for jordbruksproduksjon i Oslo kommune generelt og for noen typer urbant landbruk spesielt. Vi har analysert jordbruksareal registrert i arealressurskartet AR5, areal som var registrert som fulldyrket på en tidlig versjon av Økonomisk kartverk og som er registrert vegetasjonsdekt i kartet FKB-Grønnstruktur, og areal registrert som dyrkbar jord. Totalarealet tilhørende én eller flere av disse kategoriene er 16.692 dekar. Vi har også studert areal som tidligere har blitt registrert som tilplantet jordbruksareal, og registrert beliggenheten av seks typer urbant landbruk, begge basert på data fra oppdragsgiver. I tillegg til areal er kompetanse en viktig innsatsfaktor. Kunnskap om jordas egnethet, planters vekstkrav, praktisk dyrking og eventuelt regelverk er en forutsetning for at arealenes potensiale for matproduksjon kan utnyttes. Vår konklusjon er at matproduksjonspotensialet i Oslo kommune ikke er utnyttet per i dag. Godt egnete arealer, dog et begrenset mulig produksjonsvolum i forhold til antall innbyggere i kommunen, tilsier at økt produksjon, særlig innenfor urbant landbruk, først og fremst kan bidra til å bygge og vedlikeholde bevissthet og kunnskap i befolkningen om matproduksjon, og om viktigheten av å ta vare på arealressursene.
Abstract
The Norwegian monitoring programme for agricultural landscapes has been running for 25 years, collecting data on status and change in agricultural landscapes. The programme is based on mapping of a thousand 1 x 1km squares from aerial photographs, with field work to record birds and plants at around 10 % of the squares. In 2021, the programme introduced field recording of butterflies and bumblebees along a 1 km transect at ten monitoring squares. In spite of the low number of sites, we found a clear trend between landscape spatial structure and number of pollinators. Both the number of individuals and number of species increased with increasing landscape heterogeneity. This mirrored patterns that have been detected in the monitoring of farmland birds. Much is known about how to improve farming landscapes for pollinators. In Norway, agri-environmental subsides are available to encourage the management of flowery pollinator zones adjacent to arable land. First, farmers received payment to sow nectar-rich plants such as the non-native Phacelia tanacetifolia in field margins. Then higher subsidy rates were introduced for using seed mixes of regional plant species. The latest development is payment for managing zones adjacent to the crop, typically woodland edges. This saves agricultural soil for food production, whilst expanding the role of farmers in contributing to pollinator-friendly landscapes.
Abstract
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Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
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Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
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Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
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Det er ikke registrert sammendrag