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Publikasjoner

NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.

2021

Sammendrag

NIBIO har på oppdrag av Stjørdal kommune utført taksering av elgbeite i de skogkledde delene av kommunen i juli 2021, for å kunne si noe om beitetilbud og beitepress. Vi fant at den totale tettheten av beite-trær i elgens beitehøyde (30-300 cm) var over snittet for våre øvrige takster i Sør- og Midt-Norge. Mengde beitbar biomasse (årsskudd) var bare halvparten så stor i indre som i ytre sone (skille mellom soner satt fra Skjelstadmarka i nord til Elvran i sør). Ytre sone hadde mer biomasse enn snittet i øvrige takster, mens indre sone hadde betydelig mindre enn snittet. Bjørk utgjorde nesten alt buskbeitet i indre sone, mens det i ytre sone også var en del selje og furu. Tilbudet av viktig feltsjikt (blåbær, høge urter og til dels bregner) var høyest i lavereliggende skog, uavhengig sone. Av hensyn til elg anbefaler vi at disse delene av skogen holdes tilstrekkelig lysåpne gjennom hele skogens rotasjonsperiode. Alle våre indekser på beitepress tilsier at elgbestanden i Stjørdal per 2021 var for høy i forhold til plantenes tålegrenser. Det er viktigst å følge beitepresset på bjørk. Vi har estimert ernæringmessig bæreevne til å være maks 1.3 elg/km2 i ytre sone, og bare halvparten i indre: 0.7 elg/km2. Vi anbefaler å holde bestanden under maks en periode for å la beitene hente seg inn. Sett og felt elg data indikerer at bestanden etter jakt siste 5 år har vært en del høyere enn maks: om lag 1.5 elg/km2. Det kan likevel se ut som kommunen er i ferd med å få snudd trenden i tide, da pilene for elgtettheten peker i riktig retning og beiteplantene fortsatt produserer rimelig bra.

Til dokument

Sammendrag

Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) is the most widespread coniferous tree in the boreal forests of Eurasia, with major economic and ecological importance. However, its large and repetitive genome presents a challenge for conducting genome-wide analyses such as association studies, genetic mapping and genomic selection. We present a new 50K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping array for Scots pine research, breeding and other applications. To select the SNP set, we first genotyped 480 Scots pine samples on a 407 540 SNP screening array and identified 47 712 high-quality SNPs for the final array (called ‘PiSy50k’). Here, we provide details of the design and testing, as well as allele frequency estimates from the discovery panel, functional annotation, tissue-specific expression patterns and expression level information for the SNPs or corresponding genes, when available. We validated the performance of the PiSy50k array using samples from Finland and Scotland. Overall, 39 678 (83.2%) SNPs showed low error rates (mean = 0.9%). Relatedness estimates based on array genotypes were consistent with the expected pedigrees, and the level of Mendelian error was negligible. In addition, array genotypes successfully discriminate between Scots pine populations of Finnish and Scottish origins. The PiSy50k SNP array will be a valuable tool for a wide variety of future genetic studies and forestry applications.

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Sammendrag

In the last century, local or individual-based forest management was introduced by various forest scientists including Schädelin, Abetz and Pollanschütz as an alternative to traditional global thinning methods. They suggested breaking large forest stands down into smaller neighbourhood-based units. The centre of each of these neighbourhood-based units is a frame tree (also referred to as final crop tree, elite tree or target tree) with clearly defined properties that depend on the management objectives. In each management intervention, trees in the neighbourhood of frame trees that in the next 5–10 years are likely to influence the frame trees negatively are removed selectively. In contrast to global methods, management is only carried out where there are frame trees. Local or individual-based forest management methods were first introduced in a commercial forestry context, but rather constitute generic methods that can be efficiently applied in management for conservation, carbon sequestration and recreation. They are also often applied in the context of continuous cover forestry (CCF). In this study, we analysed the behaviour of test persons selecting frame trees in 26 training sites, so-called marteloscopes, from all over Great Britain. Although the test persons were new to individual-based management, statistical performance indicators suggested that frame trees were selected in accordance with the theory of local or individual-based forest management. Unexpectedly the test persons even achieved a comparatively high degree of agreement. This result contrasts the low agreement and partly unsatisfying performance indicators incurred in the selection of frame-tree competitors, the second step of local forest management. The outcomes of this study highlight that training in individual-based forest management needs to put more emphasis on the identification of frame-tree competitors.