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Publikasjoner

NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.

2010

Sammendrag

Artsammensetning av rødkløversnutebiller og deres skade ved frøproduksjon av rødkløver blir gjennomgått The composition of Apion species and their damage to red clover seed production in Norway is reviewed.

2009

Sammendrag

Genressurser i landbruket er biologisk mangfold og arvemateriale knyttet til våre anstrengelser for å dekke grunnleggende behov for mat, hus, klær og varme. Norsk genressurssenter arbeider for bevaring og bruk av genetisk mangfold og bruker Kulturminneåret 2009 til å fokusere på husdyr og planter som har gitt eksistensgrunnlag i vårt land, helt fra de første menneskene ble bofaste her i nord fram til vår tid. Husdyrraser, plantesorter og skogtrær er levende kulturminner. Telemarksku, målselvnepe og torsteineple gir assosiasjoner til gårsdagens landbruk. De fleste av de gamle husdyrrasene er bevart og brukes i begrenset omfang. Mange av de gamle plantesortene er gått ut av bruk, en del er bevart i genbank, men mange er også blitt borte. Mangfoldet av arter, raser og sorter bevares best gjennom aktiv bruk, gjerne i tradisjonelle og allsidige driftssystemer eller kombinert med hobby og idealisme. Arvematerialet lagres også i genbanker, men kunnskap om dyrking, stell og bruk er også verdifull kultur og tradisjon som bevares best gjennom aktiv bruk.

Til dokument

Sammendrag

The development of wildlife genetics combined with non-invasive sampling might be both an  economic benefit for the society and a benefit for the survival of the threatened species. The aims of this study are to develop a quality assured approach for DNA profiling of brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Northern Europe using material from non-invasive sampling and to generate a population database that can be used for conservation management as well as a reference database for forensic purposes. Non-invasive sampling was performed by the collection of scats in the field and by using sets of hair traps in a grid pattern in specified geographical areas. Genotypes from 12 STR loci were determined for 232 Norwegian bears. Initial analysis of the entire sample indicated a high level of substructure. Thus, the sample was divided into four geographically different populations consisting of 206 individuals for further validation of the markers. Ten STRs (G1D, G10L, Mu05, Mu09, Mu10, Mu15, Mu23, Mu50, Mu51, and Mu59) conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) expectations with only minor deviations, while the remaining two STR loci (Mu26 and G10B) were excludedfrom our set of putative forensic profiling system markers after revealing significant deviations from HWE in all four sub-populations. The average estimate of population substructure for Norwegian bears using 10 STRs (FST) was determined to be 0.1, while the estimate for inbreeding (FIS) was0.02. Accounting for the FST-value, the average probability of identity (PIave) was 5.67 and the average probability of sibling identity (PIsib) was 1.68. In Norway, this brown bear DNA profiling system has been applied to forensic casework.

Sammendrag

SUMMARY: Tracers should be used to monitor emissions of leachate from landfills, in order to evaluate environmental pollution. We investigated a selection of parameters commonly found in leachate, in addition to isotopic and radioactive tracers, and their efficiency in tracing leachate in the environment, with emphasis on groundwater. A study at 6 landfills focused on the occurrence of the isotopes 13C and 3H in leachate, surface and groundwater, in relation to the water balance at the sites. The content of heavy carbon (δ13C) in leachate varied between 5.5 to 25.5, in groundwater it reached 4.7 when polluted, and varied between -11.8 to -24.2 when unpolluted, and in surface water from -13.1 to -19.7. Measurements of tritium did not show any systematic trend in the leachate and groundwater samples. Also the elements Fe, B and Cr, and to a minor degree Mn and Zn, showed higher contrasts in leachate/groundwater concentrations. A comparison of the concentrations of tracer compounds with detailed estimation of the water balance at 3 landfills showed that 13C seems to be the most reliable tracer and the factor correlating best with estimates of diffuse losses of leachate to groundwater.