Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2014
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Luisa Last Michaela Arndorfer Katalin Balázs Peter Dennis Tetyana Dyman Wendy Fjellstad Jürgen Friedel Felix Herzog Philippe Jeanneret Gisela Lüscher Gerardo Moreno Norman Kwikiriza Tiziano Gomiero Maurizio Guido Paoletti Philippe Pointereau Jean-Pierre Sarthou Siyka Stoyanova Sebastian Wolfrum Roland KöllikerSammendrag
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Forfattere
Peter Waldner Aldo Marchetto Anne Thimonier Maria Schmitt Michela Rogora Oliver Granke Volker Mues Karin Hansen Gunilla Pihl Karlsson Daniel Žlindra Nicholas Clarke Arne Verstraeten Andis Lazdins Claus Schimming Carmen Iacoban Antti-Jussi Lindroos Elena Vanguelova Sue Benham Henning Meesenburg Manuel Nicolas Anna Kowalska Vladislav Apuhtin Ulle Napa Zora Lachmanová Ferdinand Kristoefel Albert Bleeker Morten Ingerslev Lars Vesterdal Juan Molina Uwe Fischer Walter Seidling Mathieu Jonard Philip O'Dea James Johnson Richard Fischer Martin LorenzSammendrag
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Forfattere
Stefano Targetti Felix Herzog Ilse Geijzendorffer Sebastian Wolfrum Michaela Arndorfer Katalin Balázs Jean-Philippe Choisis Peter Dennis Sebastian Eiter Wendy Fjellstad Jürgen Kurt Friedel Philippe Jeanneret Rob Jongman Max Kainz Gisela Lüscher Gerardo Moreno Tommaso Zanetti Jean-Pierre Sarthou Siyka Stoyanova Debra Bailey Maurizio Guido Paoletti Davide ViaggiSammendrag
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Forfattere
Maria Handeland Nils Grude Torfinn Torp Rune SlimestadSammendrag
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Forfattere
James David Mervyn Speed Gunnar Austrheim Alison J. Hester Erling Meisingset Atle Mysterud Jean-Pierre Tremblay Dag-Inge Øien Erling Johan SolbergSammendrag
Understanding the responses of ecological communities to perturbation is a key challenge within contemporary ecology research. In this study we seek to separate specifi c community responses from general community responses of plant communities to exclusion of large cervid herbivores. Cervid herbivory and forestry are the main drivers of vegetation structure and diversity in boreal forests. While many studies focus on the impact of cervids on trees, a high proportion of the biodiversity and ecosystem services in boreal forests is found in the fi eld layer. However, experimental approaches investigating the infl uence of herbivory on understory vegetation are highly localised. In this study we use a regionalscale design with 51 sites in four boreal forest regions of Norway, to investigate the infl uence of cervid herbivory on the physical and ecological structure of fi eld layer vegetation. Our study sites cover a range of forest types diff ering in productivity, management and dominant cervid species, allowing us to identify generic responses and those that are specifi c to particular conditions. We found that the height of the fi eld layer and the abundances of individual species were most susceptible to change following short-term cervid exclusion across diff erent forest types and cervid species. Total vegetation density and vascular plant diversity did not respond to cervid exclusion on the same time scale. We also found that the fi eld-layer vegetation in clear-cut forests used by moose was more susceptible to change following cervid exclusion than mature forests used by red deer, but no strong evidence that the response of vegetation to herbivore exclusion varied with productivity. Our study suggests that the parameters that respond to cervid exclusion are consistent across forest types, but that the responsiveness of diff erent forest types is idiosyncratic and hard to predict.
Sammendrag
Usnea longissima Ach. is a circumboreal epiphytic lichen draping tree canopies in moist coastal and mountainous forests. It is extinct from many European and North-American localities, presumably due to industrial forestry and air pollution, but still has a stronghold in parts of Scandinavia and U.S. and Canadian Pacific Northwest. In 2005/06 we used a comparative and retrospective approach to evaluate how present and historic tree and stand characteristics influenced the occurrence and abundance of the lichen (Storaunet et al. 2008). In 2012, we re-inventoried ten Norway spruce forest stands with 401 U. longissima-bearing trees and recorded changes in the number of U. longissima thalli. Seven of the stands had been experimentally, selectively logged 5–8 years before, where the lichen-bearing trees had been marked in the field and were avoided during the logging operation. Total number of lichen-bearing trees decreased slightly (2.9%), whereas the number of thalli had increased with 34%. Number of thalli increased more where the forest was open (low basal area, m2ha-1) whether or not the low tree density was caused by the logging events. At high tree densities the change in number of thalli was negligible. We suggest that selective logging, securing lichen-bearing trees, may be a viable management option to keep tree density from becoming too dense, thereby enhancing growth and establishment of U. longissima.
Forfattere
Eric Hansen Erlend Nybakk Rajat PanwarSammendrag
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Sammendrag
Increasing inter-continental trade with wood chips represents a challenge for phytosanitary authorities, as such trade may lead to pest introductions and invasions with huge impacts on forest ecosystems and economy. Predicting species invasions and their impacts in advance may be difficult, but improved information about potential invasive species ahead of any interceptions is an important precautionary step to reduce the probability of invasions. Here we identify bark- and wood-boring insects that have a potential to become invasive in northern Europe, and that may be introduced by import of deciduous wood chips from North America. The potentially most damaging species belong to the beetle genus Agrilus (Buprestidae), which includes the highly damaging emerald ash borer A. planipennis. We give a brief presentation of this and seven other Agrilus species or subspecies, and review factors of importance for the risk of establishment and potential economic and ecological impacts of these species. We also discuss one Scolytinae, Hylurgopinus rufipes. There are strong indications in the literature that some north European trees are highly susceptible to attack from the selected beetle species. We therefore conclude that because north European trees have not coevolved with these herbivores and thus may lack adequate defenses, most of the identified beetle species are likely to spread in “defense- and enemy-free space” if they are introduced to northern Europe, with considerable economic and ecological consequences.
Sammendrag
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