Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2003
Sammendrag
Mortality, injury and height growth of planted Picea abies (L.) Karst. were examined in a six-year period in eight stands in southeast Norway. There were four residual stand densities (shelterwoods of high, medium and low density, 25 x 25 m patch cut) combined with three scarification treatments (unscarified, patch scarification, inverting) in a split-plot design. Mortality was generally low during the experimental period, and did not differ significantly between the residual density treatments (mean=11.1%). Both survival and plant height after 6 years were improved by inverting, while patch scarification was intermediate but not significantly different from the unscarified alternative. The patch-cutting resulted in the tallest plants, while only minor differences in height growth were found between the shelterwood treatments. The frequency of injured plants after six years was not significantly affected by the treatments (mean=10.6%). The improved plant establishment with inverting in this study is in agreement with previous studies on clear-cuts.
Sammendrag
In this study of 130 sites with different management we investigated whether vascular plant species richness is significantly reduced when traditionally managed hay meadows are abandoned and reforested. We also compared the effects of reforestation with those of intensified land-use to see which have the largest effects on species richness. Finally, we investigated the relative importance of relevant ecological factors for species richness.While the use of artificial fertilizers in traditionally managed hay meadows has resulted in significantly lower species richness, and intensive cultivation in even lower species richness, abandonment with reforestation has not decreased the species richness significantly.Productivity and habitat diversity have determined the species richness of meadows on the scale (0.035.1 ha) of this study. Low productivity is a prerequisite for high species richness in meadows. Maximum species richness was observed in unproductive, old, traditionally managed hay meadows with a high soil pH and high habitat diversity. The high species richness of these meadows suggests that they are in urgent need of conservation.
Forfattere
Heidi Kitti Bruce Forbes Jari Oksanen Christian Uhlig Päivi SoppelaSammendrag
Research on reindeer pastures has mostly concentrated on lichen-dominated winter pastures, while summer pastures have gained less attention. We studied the effect of reindeer grazing on the quality of summer pastures in the Näkkälä reindeer herding district, northern Finland. The study plots on wetlands were established based on reindeer herders" knowledge and are situated on both sides of the border fence that was built between Finland and Norway in the late 1950"s. On the Finnish side the pastures are grazed both in summer and winter but in Norway only in winter. This has resulted in a natural long-term experimental design by which differently managed sites with ostensibly similar vegetation, soils and environmental conditions can be compared. The parameters studied were the composition, cover and structure of vegetation, peak season biomass and soil nutrient-content. In addition, minerals, nitrogen and digestibility of green leaf tissues from Eriophorum angustifolium and Salix lapponum were measured. These were prominent species in the habitats used by animals during summer. The leaves were collected both in the beginning and at the end of growing season. Vegetation composition, cover, structure and species frequencies were measured using standardized protocols and stratified random sampling methods. Biomass was studied by clipping the plants from the same quadrats after counting. Preliminary results indicate that Salix lapponum suffers from grazing. Plant cover, biomass and height of S. lapponum were significant lower on the Finnish side compared to the Norwegian side. While the amount of S. lapponum available as forage has clearly been reduced by long-term summer grazing under the recent stocking rates, ongoing analyses will determine whether or not forage quality has also been affected. In addition, fenced enclosures will illuminate the resilience of this important forage species.
Forfattere
Trygve S. AamlidSammendrag
Vekstreguleringsmidlet trineksapak-etyl (Moddus) ble prøvd ut i 37 norske frøavlsforsøk fra 1998 til 2002. I Trøndelag førte Moddus (15 g vs/daa ved Z 45-51) til 52% avlingsauke sammenlikna med usprøyta kontroll og 25% avlingsauke sammenlikna med klormekvatklorid (CCC, 200 g vs. ved Z 31-32). PÅ Østlandet utgjorde avlingsauken for Moddus (15 g vs. ved Z 31-32) 18% i timotei, 43% i hundegras, 36% i engkvein og 21% i engsvingel. Sammenlikna med avlingsgevisten ved CCC-sprøyting (200 g vs/daa ved Z 31-32) var denne meravlinga litt mindre i timotei, omtrent lik i hundegras og engkvein og betydelig større i engsvingel. I rødsvingel gav kombinasjonen av CCC ved Z 31-32 og Moddus ved Z 45-51 større avlingsauke enn om ett av preparatene ble brukt alene. I bladfaks var Moddus effektive bare sein sprøyting (Z 45-51), men avlingsauken ved denne behandlinga var mindre enn ved CCC-sprøyting ved Z 31-32. Moddus hadde ingen sikker virkning på frøavlinga av strandrør eller engrapp. Basert på disse forsøka er nå Moddus godkjent i norsk frøavl av timotei, engsvingel, hundegras, rødsvingel, engkvein og bladfaks.
Forfattere
Anne Kari BergjordSammendrag
God overvintring er avgjørende for å lykkes med dyrking av høsthvete (Triticum aestivum L.). Risiko beregninger for dyrking av høsthvete i et klima i endring og på nye steder avhenger mye av tilgang på overvintringsmodeller som kan kvantifisere forhold mellom ulike klimatiske faktorer og plantenes evne til å overleve vinteren. Feltforsøk ble anlagt vinteren 2002/03 på tre steder, Stjørdal (63°29"N, 10°52"E, 26 moh ), Selbu (63°20"N, 11°01"E, 165 moh) and Oppdal (62°34"N, 9°40"E, 590 moh), med to høsthvete-sorter, Bjørke og Portal. Alle plantene ble sådd i kasser og herdet ute under naturlige forhold i Stjørdal. I november ble de så distribuert til de tre feltene. En gang i måneden fra november til april ble planter hentet inn fra feltene og testet for frost toleranse, vekstpotensial og innhold av karbohydrater. Resultater fra disse feltforsøkene vil bli brukt i det videre arbeidet med å utvikle en overvintringsmodell for høsthvete.
Forfattere
Lars HögbomSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Atle Hindar Richard Frederic Wright Petter Nilsen Thorbjørn Larssen R. HøgbergetSammendrag
An acidified, 0.8km2 coniferous-forested catchment was limed with 3tha-1 of coarse-grained dolomite powder in September 1994. The liming resulted in an immediate change in runoff water chemistry relative to the stream of an adjacent reference catchment. pH, calcium, magnesium and acid neutralising capacity (ANC) increased and inorganic Al decreased after liming.Potential favourable water quality for sensitive organisms remained relatively constant over the post-liming period (7 years), and model simulations indicate that adequate water quality may last for an additional 4050 years. NO3 concentrations showed no significant change due to liming.A significant increasing trend in TOC was attributed to liming. Concentrations of Cd, Co, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn were lower in the limed stream than in the reference stream during a period of 3 years after liming, whereas concentrations of As, Cu, and Pb were not significantly different. Steep slopes, thin soils, high amounts of precipitation and thus dominance of surface and subsurface flow in this catchment may explain the rapid response in runoff.During the first 6 years after liming there have been no significant effects on tree growth and vitality (crown density and crown colour). This experiment shows that liming of forested catchments may be a viable method to obtain long-term improvement in water quality and potential positive effects for acid-sensitive aquatic organisms.
Forfattere
Dag Røen Lars Olav Brandsæter Sigrid Mogan Gunnhild Jåstad Eivind VangdalSammendrag
I denne publikasjonen er det presentert noen foreløbige resultat fra et forsøk med ulike tiltak for kontroll av ugras å ret før planting og i trerekka etter planting av eple. Mekanisk brakking året før planting ga sterkt redusert ugrastetthet samenliknet med der det var grasmark, men det var også signifikant effekt på ugraset der det var et tett bestand med lodnevikke (Vicia villosa) året før planting. Dekking med svart plast ga best kontroll med ugraset i trerekka, en annen effektiv metode var fresing med spesialfres i trerekka.
Forfattere
Line SverdrupSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Johan SwärdSammendrag
I 1998 ble det gjort en spesiell gjennomgang av Landskogstakseringens permanente prøveflater fra den 7. taksten (1994-1998). Derved ble det for flatene i de fire største skogfylkene; Hedmark, Oppland, Buskerud og Telemark, registrert størrelsen for eiendommene som flatene låg på, samt hvilken type eier; privatperson, aksjeselskap, allmenning osv. som eide respektive skog. Rapporten viser resultatet av en studie over skogtilstanden hos ulike kategorier av eiere. Resultatene indikerer at avvirkningen var mest intensiv på de større skogeiendommene. Her finner en også den mest intensive skogkulturen, hvilket resulterer i at ungeskogene på store eiendommer utnytter produksjonspotensialet mer en på de små. Miljørelaterte nyttigheter blir derimot bedre ivaretatt på mindre eiendommer.Emneord Eiendomsstørrelse, Eierkategori, Skogtilstand, Skogseksjonen