Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2004
Forfattere
Morten Eikenes Per Otto Flæte Erlend Ystrøm Haartveit Stig LandeSammendrag
Wood modification based on furfuryl alcohol improves several important wood properties, such as the resistance to fungal decay and insect attack, hardness, dimensional stability, bending strength and stiffness. The improvements of wood properties depend on the weight percent gain (WPG) due to furfurylation.Fourier transform near infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy was used to calibrate PLS-regression models for prediction of WPG due to furfurylation in birch wood. Spectra were obtained in cross-sections of solid wood. A PLS-regression model based on wood samples with WPG ranging from 16.7 to 35.1%, performed well when validated on a separate test set.The coefficient of determination between laboratory measured WPG and predicted WPG was high (R2 = 0.87). The prediction error given by the root mean square error of prediction was low (RMSEP = 1.23). The results showed that the technique should be considered a prospective tool for quality assessment of furfurylated wood.
Sammendrag
Both insect pathogenic fungi and parasitoids are important for the regulation of insect pests in organic and integrated fruit production. In perennial crop systems, where the pest spends significant periods of time in permanent habitats, biological control is often successful. This is in part due to the stable and robust perennial ecosystem that acts as a reservoir for insect pathogens, parasitoids and other natural enemies of pests. Black cherry aphid (Myzus cerasi) is one of the most important pests on cherries all over the world. However, there are few studies on M. cerasi and insect pathogenic fungi. In this study the occurrence and importance of insect pathogenic fungi and parasitoids as natural enemies of the black cherry aphid was investigated throughout two successive seasons in Norway. Results show that in the first part of the season, from the last part of May to mid July, mostly parasitoids were found in dead aphids. Parasitoids of the following species were found: Ephedrus plagiator and E. persicae. The hyperparasitoids Alloxystra victrix and Dendrocerus sp. were also found in this part of the season, and a few individuals infected with fungi in the order Hyphomycetes (Verticillium lecanii). From the middle of July, fungi in the order Entomophthorales (Entomphthora planchoniana, Erynia neoaphidis and Conidiobolus obscurus) were found in dead aphids. Number of aphids killed by fungi increased towards the end of July. There was, however, a big variation in infection level between trees.
Forfattere
Erik Jautris Joner D. Hirmann O.J.H. Szolar D. Todorovic C. Leyval A.P. LoibnerSammendrag
An experiment was conducted to distinguish priming effects from the effects of phytoremediation of a creosote-polluted soil. The concentration of 13 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and their combined soil toxicity (using four bioassays), was determined on recently excavated, homogenized soil and on such soil subjected to a time-course phytoremediation experiment with lucerne.The results showed a high priming effect, with minor positive and synergistic effects of planting and fertilization on PAH degradation rates. At the end of the experiment, PAH degradation reached 86% of the initial 519 mg PAHs kg-1. Two of the four toxicity tests (bioluminescence inhibition and ostracod growth inhibition) corroborated the chemical data for residual PAHs, and indicated a significant reduction in soil toxicity.We conclude that priming effects can easily surpass treatment effects, and that an unintentional pre-incubation that ignores these effects can jeopardize the full quantitative assessment of in situ bioremediation of contaminated soil.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Nils Øyvind BergsetSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Arnulfo MonzónSammendrag
Describes how to produce and use the insect pathogenic fungus Beavuveria bassiana for the control of pest insects such as coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei), pepper weevil (Anthonomus eugenii), plantain weevil (Cosmopolites sordidus), diamond-back moth (Plutella xylostella).
Sammendrag
The main models within the MILDRI modelling network for studying plant protection, PVNOR, a dynamic model which simulates the development of weeds and diseases in cereals, and FARMNOR, an economic analysis model for choosing and evaluating management practices, were used to predict the effect of different production systems on the need for plant protection measures, and the resulting yield and economic output in different climatic situations. The simulations were run for 22 years using historic weather data. The study showed that PVNOR reflected fairly well the changing plant protection problems and agricultural consequences which emerged during the simulation period, and that the model handled the interactions between the large number of variables involved in such perennial systems. The combination of PVNOR and FARMNOR proved to be a valuable analytical tool, which in addition to predicting plant protection problems and consequences, also allows the prediction of resulting economic outcomes arising from different cereal production systems.
Forfattere
Bjørn TveiteSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Eva Narten HøbergSammendrag
Gjennom prosjektet "Opprinnelsesmerking av storfekjøtt - testing av markeds- og merprispotensialet", vil forbrukerne på Helgeland få tilgang til opprinnelsesmerket storfekjøtt av rasene hereford, charolais og simmental. Prosjektet er et samarbeid mellom Gilde NNS og tre kjøttfeprodusenter på Helgeland.