Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2005
Forfattere
Dag-Ragnar BlystadSammendrag
Tomatbronsetoppvirus (Tomato spotted wilt virus) og Impatiens-nekroseflekkvirus (Impatiens necrotic spot virus) er begge karanteneskadegjørere som kan gjøre stor skade i en rekke veksthuskulturer av grønnsaker og blomster. De er ikke etablert i Norge.Virusene har samme spredningsmåte, gir ofte like symptomer og omtales derfor her felles som tospovirus.
Forfattere
J. Brian Hardaker Gudbrand LienSammendrag
Because the analysis of risky choice in agriculture and rural resource management is important but difficult, we argue that there is a need for some agreed principles on how to proceed. This paper is intended as a first step to this end. We start with the proposition that the importance of risk aversion has generally been exaggerated relative to the task of finding better ways to deduce relevant and reliable probabilities. Getting better probabilities demands careful thought, drawing on what is know about the pitfalls and on evolving insights into better ways of proceeding. Our aim is to stimulate a debate leading to a clearer consensus about better practice in these matters.
Forfattere
Espen Govasmark Arvid Steen Turid Strøm Sissel Hansen Anne Kjersti BakkenSammendrag
Based on a survey on Norwegian organic farms observations it was concluded that today"s feeding practice for sheep and dairy cattle herds was sufficient regarding Cu and Co, but Se should be supplemented to all animals and vitamin E should be supplemented to animal diets consisting mainly of hay.
Forfattere
Govasmark, Espen Espen GovasmarkSammendrag
To obtain a general picture of the herbage zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), cobalt (Co) and selenium (Se) concentrations on organic livestock farms, we analysed soil and herbage samples from 28 farms from four regions in Norway. Animal blood Cu, Co, vitamin E and Se was also investigated. It was generally concluded that Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and Mo did not limit plant growth. Based on the herbage trace element concentration it is highly recommended to use trace element mixtures a
Sammendrag
In this study heather of different ages varied only slightly for in vitro DM digestibility (1-2.5 %-units) and in situ degradability (1-3.5 %-units), which was highest for the youngest heather stands. Plant samples revealed the highest digestibility and degradability values in summer (June) and lowest values in winter (March). Grass values were always higher than heather (4-20 %-units), except in winter. Differences in grass values varied significantly between the winter and summer samples (25-30 %-units). Heather differences, however, remained relatively constant (10 %-units). Heather contained a high proportion of estimated indigestible DM; 47 and 55 % for summer and winter samples, respectively. Crude protein content of heather varied only slightly between sampling times, and was almost half the CP content of grass.
Forfattere
Nina Jøhnk Ari M. Hietala Carl Gunnar Fossdal Mari-Anne Newman David B. Collinge Harald KvaalenSammendrag
Stilbene synthases make the backbone of stilbenes in a single enzymatic step. Many stilbenes are stressinduced antimicrobial phenolics, believed to work in disease resistance. In conifers, stilbenes are found in pine (Pinus), spruce (Picea) and a few other genera.Stilbene synthase isoforms in pine use cinnamyl-CoA to form pinosylvin, these are termed pinosylvin synthases, whereas stilbene synthases in spruce use pcoumaryl- CoA to form resveratrol and are sometimes termed resveratrol synthases.Pinosylvin has been found to be more effective than resveratrol in inhibiting fungal growth and wood decay (Seppnen et al. 2004), and pathogens of non-pinosylvin producing species have been found to be less tolerant of pinosylvin than pine pathogens (Seppnen et al. 2004). In the present study, Norway spruce (Transformation of Norway spruce with the pinosylvin synthase gene, PSS1) was transformed using the biolistic technique with a gene encoding pinosylvin synthase, PSS1, from Scots pine and the E. coli nptII antibiotic resistance gene.Vector constructs carrying PSS1 in sense and antisense, as well as control vectors without PSS1 were transferred into two embryogenic cell lines of Norway spruce, 11703-B63 and 186-3C. Selection condition for transgenic tissue was conferred by nptII in combination with the antibiotic geneticin. Geneticin resistant lines were recovered from all transformation events, a total of 55 lines.NptII was detected by PCR analysis in many of these lines, the majority derived from the cell line 11703 B63. However, nptII protein was detected in just five lines, and several lines of evidence indicate that the transgenic lines obtained in this study might be chimaeras.Fifty-six seedlings were successfully regenerated from antibiotic resistant lines, 50 of these were derived from cell line 11703 B63. All seedlings died during cold storage before further testing could be carried out.
Forfattere
Helge Bonesmo Anne Kjersti BakkenSammendrag
Morphology and phenology, including stolon disintegration, of white clover were studied at two sites during three years after sowing. The plants reached their maximum size in late summer in the first year after sowing, and the populations contained at that time mainly taprooted plants. The later fragmented plants were smaller in most of the investigated characteristics. A function for daily transition rate from taprooted to fragmented plants related to daily mean temperature is presented. Deviations between the recorded and the calculated proportion taprooted plants were small; the overall root mean square error was 5.7 % units. Our data indicated that there is a low temperature requirement that must be met prior to onset of transition. We also suggest that in further modelling of white clover temperature responses, the effect of day length should be accounted for, especially if the data are collected from sites with a considerable latitudinal spread.
Forfattere
Trygve S. AamlidSammendrag
Ved prebasisfrøavl av Knut engrapp var gjennomsnittsfrøavlinga i første, andre og tredje engår henholdsvis 119, 51 og 21 kg/daa. Enga ble lagt igjen i falskt såbed, og gjenlegget ble flekksprøyta flere ganger mot knereverumpe og andre grasugras. Frø av engrapp har en tendens til å balle seg sammen, og for å få med alle "frøballene" anbefales to gangers tresking.
Forfattere
Terje Birkeland Audun ØvrumSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Gro Hege Ludvigsen Olav LodeSammendrag
Overvåkingen av pesticider har som formål å gjennomføre en tiltaks- og kildeorientert overvåking av dagens bruk av pesticider i jordbruket. Det har vært betydelige endringer i bruken av pesticider i Norge de siste ti årene. Dette har gitt en positiv utvikling med hensyn til gjenfinning i bekker og elver. resultatene viser imidlertid store årlige variasjoner knyttet til nedbørsforhold og store forskjeller mellom enkeltpesticid med hensyn til gjenfinning og giftighet.