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Publikasjoner

NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.

2007

Sammendrag

Mange av våre kulturmarksplanter er nå i tilbakegang, fordi leveområdene deres forandres og ødelegges når landskapet gror igjen, bygges ned eller dyrkes opp. Av våre ca 650-700 engplanter, regner vi med at omtrent halvparten av dem er helt avhengige av "eng" for å overleve. Engene i det norske landskapet er stort sett skapt av slått og beite og må brukes på tradisjonell måte hvis de skal opprettholdes. Som eksempel på en planteart som i dag er truet og avhengig av skjøtsel, kan vi nevne orkidéen svartkurle. Den mest optimale skjøtselen for denne arten er tradisjonell slått sent på sommeren. Men det er ikke bare planter som er avhengig av de gamle kulturmarkene. Den nye norske "rødlisten" (over truete arter) fra 2006 viser at ca. 35% av våre trua plante- og dyrearter faktisk er knyttet til kulturlandskapet. Dette understreker hvor viktig de gamle kulturmarkene er for det biologiske mangfoldet! Og det forteller oss også at den nasjonale målsetningen om å stoppe tapet av biologisk mangfold innen 2010 blir vanskelig uten et aktivt landbruk og beitende husdyr!

Sammendrag

The topography of the earth influences the movements of parcels of air in the atmosphere. Wind systems blowing across mountain ridges sometimes excite stationary gravity wave systems behind and above ridges witrh a breath of about 10 km. The conceptual discussion in this paper is connected to the transport of wave energy in stationary gravity waves and stationary gravity inertia waves , where there are discontinuities in the parameters describing the vertical stratified atmosphere. The discussion is closely connected to two theorems by Eliassen and Palm (1961) showing that the vertical flux of wave energy is conserved throughout the atmosphere for a great class of systems. But the boundary conditions used by Eliassen and Palm (1961) in the gravity wave systems connecting the vertical layers in situations with discontinuities do not cover all possible physical situations of interest.

Sammendrag

The history of a web-based system for administrating data from a network of agrometeorological stations is shortly presented, and the module of this system containing the documentation of the instruments in this network is discussed in detail. The quality concept of meteorological data is the starting point in this discussion. The way of coupling the instruments and parameters on each meteorological station is shown, as well as use of this information by controlling and correcting meteorological data. Ideas of actor-network theory are discussed connected to future challenges of data integration and use of data from different sources in applications.

Sammendrag

A major obstacle to patch spraying of broad-leaved weeds in cereals is a cost-effective method to assess within-field heterogeneity of the weed population. One method could be a camera mounted in front of the spraying vehicle, online image analysis, and field sprayer shifting between "on" and "off" as the predefined weed damage threshold level is reached. Because such a camera will capture a very limited area (

Sammendrag

Colletotrichum acutatum vart funne ved undersøkingar av epleknoppar før bryting om våren. Colletotrichum acutatum er årsak til lagersjukdom bitterrote på eple og smitte på knoppar kan vera ei smittekjelde om våren.

Sammendrag

Neozygites floridana is an important natural enemy of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. Pesticides used in strawberries that might affect the conservation and enhancement of this beneficial fungus were therefore studied. This was done in a laboratory study by letting non-inoculated (healthy) mites and mites inoculated with N. floridana feed on strawberry leaf disks treated with one of the following pesticides: the fungicides tolylfluanid, fenhexamid or cyprodinil + fludioxonil or the acaricide/insecticide/molluscicide methiocarb. The effect of these pesticides on mortality and egg production of T. urticae and on the killing capacity and sporulation of N. floridana were determined. Tolylfluanid increased the mortality of non-inoculated mites (75.3%) compared to the non-inoculated control (27.5%). Methiocarb also killed non-inoculated mites. Fenhexamid did not have any effect on the mortality of non-inoculated mites (19.2%), neither had cyprodinil + fludioxonil (19.1%). Tolylfluanid did not reduce the mortality of mites inoculated with N. floridana (89.3%) compared to the inoculated control (80.0%). Neither did methiocarb, it rather increased the mortality of inoculated mites (93.2%). Fenhexamid did, however, reduce the mortality of inoculated mites (66.7%). The same was true for cyprodinil + fludioxonil (48.7%). In addition, cyprodinil + fludioxonil increased the time to death of inoculated mites (6.69 days) compared to the control (6.10 days), and inhibited sporulation of N. floridana (7.9% sporulation) compared to the control (42.4% sporulation). Tolylfluanid also reduced sporulation of N. floridana (15.5% sporulation). Results from this study indicate that the use of the fungicides tested will potentially reduce the survival and efficacy of the natural enemy N. floridana in the field.