Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2017
Sammendrag
In Scandinavia, pasture for dairy herds with automatic milking (AM) is frequently offered purely for exercise and recreation, rather than as a feed-source. In the present study, cows in an AM-system with 12 h nightly outdoor-access from summer solstice until mid-September were offered either fresh production pasture (treatment P; ≥15 kg dry matter (DM) cow‑1 nightly, combined with 6 kg DM grass silage daytime) or exercise pasture (treatment E; <1 kg DM cow‑1 combined with ad libitum silage allowance day and night). Treatment showed a significant effect on milk yield (P:31.3, E:33.0 kg, P=0.05), and a tendency for milking frequency (P:2.25, E: 2.37 milkings × day‑1, P=0.06). Group P spent more time outdoors than E, 4.0 and 3.2 h, respectively (P<0.001). Cows in P grazed approximately 2.5 h throughout the season, while E grazed less overall, 0.6 h (P<0.001) and decreased their time spent grazing over the season (1.0 to 0.3 h). In conclusion, night-time pasture is poorly exploited by cows, irrespective of the quantity of both of pasture and silage that are available.
Forfattere
Line Johansen T. Lennartsson Anna Westin A. Iuga C.M. Ivascu Eveliina Kallioniemi Sølvi WehnSammendrag
Semi-natural grasslands are important habitats for pollinators because of high abundance of flowering plants. The aim of this study was to assess effects of mowing time on flower resources for pollinators in semi-natural hay meadows. Flowering species in semi-natural hay meadows throughout a landscape in Maramures, Romania were used as indicators of flower resources for pollinators. Botanical surveys were performed in 31 hay meadows and all herbs and shrubs were recorded in hay meadows cut early, intermediate and late in the growing season. All hay meadows included a high number of flower species but the mowing time influenced the available floral resources for pollinators. If mowing time varies between hay meadows within a landscape, flower resources for pollinators will be available throughout the growing season, which is essential in pollination conservation in agricultural landscapes.
Sammendrag
Life cycle assessment (LCA) allows systematic comparisons of environmental performance between different products. The functional unit in LCA for milk production is typically set to 1 kg energy corrected milk. This does not however suffice as definition to allow for comparing different studies. The definition of reference flow can introduce a bias between organic and conventional farming systems. We strongly encourage to include definition of reference flow calculation, choice of algorithm for energy calculation as well as choice of energy content of milk in the communication of any results.
Sammendrag
Semi-natural grasslands are in decline due to land use changes. To conserve grassland ecosystems, agrienvironmental schemes facilitate low intensity management of semi-natural grasslands of high nature value. In addition to management of the meadows themselves, the nature value of the hay meadows also depends upon the surrounding landscape. The aim of this study was to assess the importance of the landscape on the biological value of semi-natural hay meadows implemented in the Action Plan for Hay Meadows (APHM) in Norway. The biological value was estimated by richness of all vascular plant species and of vascular plant species associated with semi-natural grassland. Richness was high in semi-natural grasslands, particularly in hay meadows implemented in the APHM. However, the landscape context also influenced the richness of the hay meadows. Species richness increased with hay meadow area and length and edge density of semi-natural habitats types in the landscapes.
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Rolf Nestby Sebastien GuérySammendrag
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Sammendrag
Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is normally a short-lived perennial with no vegetative propagation and the number of plants in the field declines rapidly. In organic farming, the amount of clover in the field is decisive for the N2 fixation and yield, the protein content and quality of the forage produced. In Nordland County (66.27°N), there is a farm with some red clover plants in more than 15 years old grassland. In the presented study we examined grassland botanical content and attempted to recognise age of red clover plants. Our hypotheses was 1) that extensive grassland management promotes self-seeding of red clover 2) self-seeding maintaining a desired content of red clover over time. In addition, we tested two harvesting regimes of the first cut for seed maturation and seed quality at two locations in Norway. Red clover plants in old swards showed very high age and a branched root system. Only very few seedlings were found in old sward suggesting that self-seeding was insignificant. Experiments with leaving the grassland after the first cut for seed production of clover failed due to poor seed maturation. Surface seeding of red clover in pure grass plots gave good results, especially with early spring seeding.
Populærvitenskapelig – Skade av honningsopp i søtkirsebær
Venche Talgø, Arne Stensvand, Jorunn Børve
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Adam Thomas O'tooleSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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