Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2018
Forfattere
Geir-Harald StrandSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Anja Pangård AhlstrømSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Unike nordlige klimaforhold med lange dager og lave temperaturer, kan påvirke egenskaper hos mat, fôr og beitevekster. En gjennomgang av vitenskapelige studier av slik Arktisk kvalitet viser effekter for både sensorisk kvalitet og ulike innholdsstoffer for flere produkter. Innen kålvekster påvirker klimaet utseende (brokkoli) og reduserer glukosinolatinnhold og bittersmak (brokkoli og kålrot). Gulrot og kålrot får tydeligere søtsmak på grunn av lavere innhold av bitterstoffer, selv om sukkerinnholdet er uendret. På den annen side får gulrot i nord lavere innhold av karoten og lysere farge enn i varmere klima. Resultatene for kålrot, brokkoli og gulrot tyder også på mer sprø og saftig konsistens, og friskere smak, ved lave dyrkingstemperaturer. Ville bær i nordlig klima har litt høyere innhold av enkelte antioksidanter enn i sørligere områder, men lokale forskjeller i vekstforhold (fjell, kyst) kan ha like stor betydning. Hagebær i nordlig klima kan smake søtere (jordbær) eller mindre søte (solbær) på grunn av forskjellige klimaresponser. Jordbær og bringebær får noe svekket rødfarge ved lave dyrkingstemperaturer. Klimatiske og geografiske effekter på kvalitet i potet, urter til mat og krydder, fôrvekster og kjøtt- og melkeprodukter er per idag for lite undersøkt til å gi entydige konklusjoner.....
Forfattere
Tor J. JohansenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Volkmar Timmermann Mari Mette Tollefsrud Halvor Solheim Isabella Børja Nina Elisabeth Nagy Ari HietalaSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Kjell AndreassenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Isabella Børja Ari Hietala Nina Elisabeth Nagy Halvor Solheim Volkmar Timmermann Mari Mette TollefsrudSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
In recent years, rising competition for water coupled with new environmental regulations has exerted pressure on water allocations for turfgrass irrigation. In this article, we reviewed published scientific and industry evidence on the agronomic and environmental impacts of turfgrass irrigation using a robust systematic review methodology. Our focus was on the links between (i) irrigation management (amount and frequency), (ii) agronomic responses to irrigation (turf quality, growth rates and rooting) and (iii) environmental impacts (nitrogen leaching). Based on an initial screening of 653 studies and data extracted from 83 papers, our results show that in most cases, under moderate levels of deficit irrigation (50%–60% of actual evapotranspiration), turf quality can be maintained at an acceptable level but with lower water consumption compared to irrigating back to field capacity. Irrigation beyond field capacity was found to increase the risk of nutrient leaching. However, evidence also showed that the concentration and total loss of urn:x-wiley:09312250:media:jac12265:jac12265-math-0001 in leachate were influenced more by nitrogen (N) rates, soil characteristics, turfgrass species and turfgrass growth rates than by irrigation practices. Our analyses suggest that turfgrass irrigation should be scheduled to apply water at moderate levels of deficit irrigation, sufficient to maintain turfgrass quality but limited to promote a deep and extensive rooting system. The findings provide new insights and valuable evidence for both scientists and practitioners involved in turfgrass research and management.
Forfattere
Gudrun Schwilch Tatenda Lemann Örjan Berglund Carlo Camarotto Artemi Cerdà Ioannis N. Daliakopoulos Silvia Kohnová Dominika Krzeminska Teodoro Maranon René Rietra Grzegorz Siebielec Johann Thorsson Mark Tibbett Sandra Valente Hedwig van Delden Jan van den Akker Simone Verzandvoort Nicoleta Olimpia Vrînceanu Christos Zoumides Rudi HesselSammendrag
Only a few studies have quantified and measured ecosystem services (ES) specifically related to soil. To address this gap, we have developed and applied a methodology to assess changes in ecosystem services, based on measured or estimated soil property changes that were stimulated by soil management measures (e.g., mulching, terracing, no-till). We applied the ES assessment methodology in 16 case study sites across Europe representing a high diversity of soil threats and land use systems. Various prevention and remediation measures were trialled, and the changes in manageable soil and other natural capital properties were measured and quantified. An Excel tool facilitated data collection, calculation of changes in ecosystem services, and visualization of measured short-term changes and estimated long-term changes at plot level and for the wider area. With this methodology, we were able to successfully collect and compare data on the impact of land management on 15 different ecosystem services from 26 different measures. Overall, the results are positive in terms of the impacts of the trialled measures on ecosystem services, with 18 out of 26 measures having no decrease in any service at the plot level. Although methodological challenges remain, the ES assessment was shown to be a comprehensive evaluation of the impacts of the trialled measures, and also served as an input to a stakeholder valuation of ecosystem services at local and sub-national levels.
Sammendrag
The present work focuses on an assessment of the applicability of groundwater table (GWT) measures in the modelling of soil water retention characteristics (SWRC) using artificial neural network (ANN) methods. Model development, testing, validation and verification were performed using data collected across two decades from soil profiles at full-scale research objects located in Southwest Poland. A positive effect was observed between the initial GWT position data and the accuracy of soil water reserve estimation. On the other hand, no significant effects were observed following the implementation of GWT fluctuation data over the entire growing season. The ANN tests that used data of either soil water content or GWT position gave analogous results. This revealed that the easily obtained data (temperature, precipitation and GWT position) are the most accurate modelling parameters. These outcomes can be used to simplify modelling input data/parameters/variables in the practical implementation of the proposed SWRC modelling variants.