Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2024
Forfattere
Nina Trandem Olle Anderbrant Glenn P. Svensson Christer Löfstedt Elisabeth Ôberg Ann-Kristin Isaksson Hanh Huynh Kimmo Rumpunen Line Beate Lersveen Sigrid Mogan Gunda Thöming Marja RantanenSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Payel Bhattacharjee Mari Talgø Syvertsen Igor A. Yakovlev Torgeir Rhoden Hvidsten Tengs Torstein Mallikarjuna Rao Kovi Marcos Viejo Carl Gunnar Fossdal Jorunn Elisabeth OlsenSammendrag
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Forfattere
Muath Alsheik Merethe Bagge May Bente Brurberg Aakash Chawade Timmermann Christiansen Pawel Chrominski Jahn Davik Susann Herzog Liina Jakobson Hans-Arne Krogsti Fredrik Reslow Terje Tähtjärv Ramesh Vetukuri Susanne Windju Nikolai Ødegaard Rodomiro OrtizSammendrag
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Forfattere
Özgün Candan Onarman Umu Liv Torunn Mydland Chi Chen Marta Perez de Nanclares Fernandez Gerald C. Shurson Pedro E. Urriola Henning Sørum Margareth �verlandSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Jorunn Børve Emily Follett Theresa Weigl Ingunn Øvsthus Hanne Larsen Siv Fagertun RembergSammendrag
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Forfattere
Marian Malte Weigel Therese With Berge Jukka Salonen Timo Lötjönen Bärbel Gerowitt Lars Olav BrandsæterSammendrag
Controlling creeping perennial weeds is challenging throughout all farming systems. The present study distinguished and explored three different methods to control them non-chemically: disturbance with inversion, disturbance without inversion, and competition. Focusing on Cirsium arvense, Elymus repens, and Sonchus arvensis, we conducted a field study (2019–2021) at three northern European sites in Germany, Finland, and Norway. We investigated the effects of the control methods ploughing (inversion disturbance), root cutting (non-inversion disturbance), and cover crops (competition) alone. Root cutting was conducted using a prototype machine developed by “Kverneland”. Eight treatments were tested in factorial designs adapted for each site. Control methods were applied solely and combined. Response variables after treatments were aboveground weed biomass and grain yield of spring cereals. The control method of ploughing was most effective in reducing weed biomass compared to root cutting or cover crops. However, compared to the untreated control, a pronounced additive effect of root cutting and cover crops occurred, reducing weed biomass (−57.5%) similar to ploughing (−66%). Pooled over sites, the response was species-specific, with each species showing a distinct reaction to both control methods. C. arvense was most susceptible to root cutting, followed by E. repens, while S. arvensis showed no susceptibility. Crop yield losses were prevented compared to untreated plots by ploughing (+60.57%) and root cutting (+30%), but not by cover crops. We conclude that the combination of non-inversion disturbance and competition is a promising strategy to reduce the reliance on herbicides or inversion tillage in the management of perennial weeds.
Forfattere
Sidhi Soman Agnethe Christiansen Roman Florinski Girija Bharat Eirik Hovland Steindal Luca Nizzetto Paromita ChakrabortySammendrag
Currently used pesticides (CUPs) were introduced to have lower persistence and bioaccumulation, and lesser bioavailability towards non-target species. Nevertheless, CUPs still represent a concern for both human health and the environment. India is an important agricultural country experiencing a conversion from the use of obsolete organochlorine pesticides to a newer generation of phytosanitary products. As for other developing countries, very little is known about the transfer of CUPs to the human diet in India, where systematic monitoring is not in place. In this study, we analyzed ninety four CUPs and detected thirty CUPs in several food products belonging to five types: cereals and pulses, vegetables, fruits, animal-based foods, and water. Samples were taken from markets in Delhi (aggregating food produced all over India) and in the periurban area of Dehradun (northern India) (representing food produced locally and through more traditional practices). Overall, chlorpyrifos and chlorpropham were the most detected CUPs with a detection frequency of 33% and 25%, respectively. Except for vegetables and fruits, the levels of CUPs in all other food types were significantly higher in samples from Delhi (p < 0.05). Exposure dosage of CUPs through different food matrices was calculated, and chlorpropham detected in potatoes had the maximum exposure dosage to humans (2.46 × 10−6 mg/kg/day). Risk analysis based on the hazard quotient technique indicated that chlorpyrifos in rice (2.76 × 10−2) can be a concern.
Sammendrag
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