Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2007
Forfattere
Klaus Mittenzwei Wendy Fjellstad Wenche E. Dramstad Ola Flaten Arnt Kristian Gjertsen Maria Loureiro Sjur Spildo PrestegardSammendrag
In recent years the objectives of agricultural policy have shifted from a principal focus on production and income towards agriculture\"s provision of public goods summarized by the term ‘multifunctionality\". Agricultural sector models, which are important tools for policy advice, need to be adjusted in order to maintain their relevance and reliability in accordance with policy changes. This paper investigates the strengths and limitations of incorporating multifunctionality indicators in the agricultural sector model Common Agricultural Policy Regional Impact Analysis (CAPRI) by reviewing the existing literature and incorporating such indicators in the model. Multifunctionality indicators are developed and implemented for four selected aspects of multifunctionality: food security, landscape, environmental concerns and rural viability. By running different policy reform scenarios, it is shown that indicators closely related to the underlying economic variables of the sector model may provide useful to describe the effects of policy reforms on agriculture\"s multifunctionality. However, these indicators do not completely cover the selected aspects of multifunctionality. In order to yield a broader coverage, this paper proposes to strengthen interdisciplinary research by linking agricultural sector models with other model systems like farm-based economical-ecological models, regional economic models or landscape information systems.
Forfattere
Torbjørn HaukåsSammendrag
Mange gardbrukarar har lagt ned eller er i ferd med å leggje ned gardsdrifta i kystbygdene på Vestlandet, og dermed aukar tilgangen på ledig innmarksareal. Utfordringa er korleis desse areala kan haldast i drift, og dessutan korleis eventuelle areal som har vore ute av produksjon, kan takast i bruk att. I eit samarbeidsprosjekt mellom Bioforsk Vest Fureneset og Norsk institutt for landbruksøkonomisk forskning (NILF) har ein sett nærmare på korleis slike areal kan nyttast i eit arealekstensivt driftsopplegg. For å ta vare på jordbruksareal og kulturlandskap i landsdelen er det nødvendig å oppretthalde tal beitedyr. Satsing på ekstensiv drift med kjøtproduksjon på sau og storfe, kan vere eit viktig middel for å oppnå desse målsetjingane.
Forfattere
Heidi KnutsenSammendrag
Kulturlandskapet i fjordbygdene på Vestlandet er formet av det jordbruket som drives langs fjordene. Flyfoto viser tydelige endringer i landskapet, marginale arealer gror til med busker og trær, men også bakkeplanering, spesialisering og nye dyrkingsteknikker setter tydelige spor i landskapet.
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Urbanization and an increasingly globalized food system cause growing physical and psychological distances between producers and customers. Alternative distribution initiatives with direct sale to local customers are emerging. This paper reports results of two surveys, one from producers and one from customers, in the newly introduced Norwegian farmers market system. The main aim of the research was to examine attitudes toward local foods and evaluate the potential of this new marketing channel to reduce the distances between farmers and consumers. Results show that producers were more concerned than customers regarding knowledge on how food was produced, and locally marketed, although customers were also interested in these issues. Both groups regarded as to how food was produced to be more important than where it was produced. Producers were more interested in giving customers information on agriculture than customers were in receiving this information. The attitudes toward food differed between respondents of larger urban cities and smaller cities in Norway. Producers traveled a longer distance (average 79 km) than customers (average 14 km) to come to the markets, but traveling distance differed substantially among the sites owing to market location, number of local farmers and small-scale local processors, and product diversity. Results suggest that the farmers markets have potential to reduce both physical and social distances between producers and consumers, and thereby contribute to the sustainability of local food production. Understanding farmer and consumer attitudes can contribute to organization and promotion of farmers markets in Norway and elsewhere. doi:10.1300/J064v30n04_06.
Forfattere
Einar Heegaard Rune Halvorsen Økland Harald Bratli Wenche Dramstad Gunnar Engan Oddvar Pedersen Heidi SolstadSammendrag
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