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1992

Sammendrag

Forest research has been officially organized in Norway for 75 years. The Forest Research Institute of West Norway, now located at Fana, south of Bergen, was established Jan. 1, 1916. This institution was privately financed until July, 1949, when the federal government took over. The Norwegian Forest Research Institute was established at s in 1917 as a government institution. On the occasion of their 50th anniversaries, both these institutions published comprehensive accounts, Reports of the Forest Research Institute of West Norway no. 41 (Bergen 1966) and Reports of the Norwegian Forest Research Institute vol. 24 (Vollebekk 1967), respectively. Those wishing to study more closely the origins and activities of the first 50 years of forest research are referred to these reports. In Nov. 1971, the Norwegian Parliament approved a new organizational system unifying forest research in Norway, to be known as the Norwegian Forest Research Institute. The organizational changes were initiated a year later with the incorporation of the following institutions: the Norwegian Forest Research Institute, the Forest Research Institute of West Norway, and the National Forest Survey. The latter had existed as an independent institution since 1919, and an account of the National Forest Surveys first 50 years was published in 1970. Thus, much of the forest research was established as a unit under common administration. However, a good deal of forest research is also carried out by the Forestry Institutes at the Agricultural University of Norway, partly to support their teaching, and partly in collaboration with the Norwegian Forest Research Institute. A cooperation and division of labor had gradually developed between the Forestry Institutes at the University and the Norwegian Forest Research Institute. This formed the basis for a comprehensive contract between the Agricultural University and the Norwegian Forest Research Institute, which was approved by the Department of Agriculture in 1990. This agreement resulted in the establishment of Skogforsk, which is the present designation for the official scientific and administrative collaboration between the Norwegian Forest Research Institute and the Department of Forestry of the University. The scientific cooperation consists of the personnel of the two institutions being grouped in common departments to carry out research and teaching. The administrative cooperation consists of, among other things, mutual board representation and cooperation in administrative tasks, data services, laboratories, equipment and other facilities. The aim of Skogforsk is to increase societys knowledge about the forest as an ecosystem, as well as about its use, protection and role in the economy and community life. Furthermore, Skogforsk facilitates efficient coordination and effective cooperation, as well as realization of research projects having broader goals than the institutions could have managed alone. The purpose of this special edition of Research paper of Skogforsk is to present important aspects of forest research in Norway during the last 25 years. The subject matter has been selected from a project list which each year includes ab. 120 different research activities. The final scientific reports from these projects are published either in one of the series, Communications of Skogforsk, Research papers of Skogforsk, or Bulletins of Skogforsk, or in another Norwegian or international series. A significant amount of work has been contributed by the individual authors, by the scientific editors, and, not least, by Consultant Birger Halvorsen, who has been responsible for the editing and for arranging the printing. On behalf of NISK I would like to thank everyone who has contributed to the result hereby presented. It is our hope that this publication will give an idea of the width and variety of current forest research in Norway, and that the contents will interest those assigning research tasks, collaborators, the business community, and the members of the public who use the forest and wilderness for recreation.

Sammendrag

Skogreisingsarbeidet i Nord-Norge ble betydelig intensivert i 1950-årene. 80-85% av de utsatte plantene var norsk gran. Produksjonsstudier i noen av de eldste feltene fra 1908 og de nærmeste årene etter, viste at mange av disse bestandene hadde en forbausende høy og utholdende vekst, selv på så nordlige breddegrader som Troms (ca 69°N). For flere av disse bestandene er imidlertid proveniensen ukjent. Det har derfor vært et spørsmål om det ville være forsvarlig å anvende frø fra disse bestandene til produksjon av planter for utsetting på andre lokaliteter. I 1970 ble det foretatt konglesanking i flere av de eldste bestandene i Troms. I årene 1973-85 ble det på forskjellige steder i Nord-Norge anlagt 20 forsøk hvor gran fra ulike steder i de naturlige barskogområdene i Helgeland ble sammenlignet. På elleve av utplantingsstedene ble det også plantet ut gran hvor frøet var sanket i seks eldre bestand i Troms. Som standardproveniens er brukt gran fra Rana (P2). Høydeutvikling, overlevelse og skader hos de enkelte proveniensene er sammenlignet på de forskjellige utplantingsstedene, hvor frostfare, vegetasjon, topografi og høyde over havet veksler til dels betydelig. I middel for de elleve feltene er det etter 10-18 år ikke funnet noen vesentlig forskjell mellom proveniensene. På de mest frostutsatte lokalitetene viser resultatene imidlertid at X1-Blåbergskog har noe dårligere høydeutvikling enn de øvrige proveniensene. Denne proveniensen har også på slike lokaliteter flere frostskader. Z1-Tromsø har også vist noe ulik tilpasningsevne alt etter voksestedet. På mindre frostutsatte lokaliteter i liene har Blåbergskog hatt like god eller bedre vekst enn P2-Rana og de øvrige Tromsproveniensene. Overlevelsesprosenten for de fleste proveniensene varierer mellom 80-85. Z1-Tromsø har litt lavere overlevelse enn de øvrige proveniensene. Den reelle forskjellen er imidlertid liten. Det er andre forhold enn proveniensforskjeller som har vært avgjørende for overlevelsesprosenten, bl.a. hvor mye museskader feltene har vært utsatt for. Ingen proveniens har skilt seg ut som mer utsatt for museskader enn de øvrige.