Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2010
Forfattere
Christian Linder Janet Allen Catherine Baroffio Agata Broniarek-Niemiec Victorio Brookes Jerry Cross Cathy Eckert Rudolf Faby Bruno Gobin Alberto Grassi Adrian Harris Barbara Labanowska Emilie Lascaux Carlo Malavolta Vincent Michel Slobodan Milenkovic Thilda Nilsson Paivi Parikka Klaus Paaske Jean-Jacques Pommier Daniel Prodorutti Lene Sigsgaard Arne Stensvand Christer Torneus Nina Trandem Tuomo Tuovinen Gabor VetekSammendrag
The usage of plant protection products and biocontrol agents in soft fruit production has always been an important subject for the IOBC/WPRS Working Group "Integrated Protection of Fruit Crops" Study Group "Soft Fruits". The usage of pesticides and biological control methods varies considerably between countries and it is very difficult to get a good overview on the range of products that are applied or in development in soft fruits. In order to share and facilitate the flow of information, the Study Group "Soft Fruit" initiated a survey on the availability and usage of active ingredients and biocontrol agents in the different European countries in 2007. First, the most important pests and diseases in strawberry and raspberry production were identified. Then members of the different countries listed available products on the domestic market and indicated their usage in the field. So far 15 countries have contributed to the survey. The received data are accessible on the website http://www.any3.ch/IOBC/Softpest/index.html
Forfattere
Adam ParuchSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Ola HanserudSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Tore SkrøppaSammendrag
The Svalbard Global Seed Vault provides facilities for the safety deposit of samples of seed of distinct genetic resources of importance to humanity, under black box arrangements and in permafrost conditions supplemented by refrigeration in accordance with internationally agreed standards. The Seed Vault was established by the Norwegian Government in 2008 at 78 degrees North in the Norwegian village of Longyearbyen, on Svalbard, the farthest north you can travel in the world on regularly scheduled commercial jet flight. It is managed in a tripartite arrangement between the Norwegian Ministry of Agriculture and Food, the Global Crop Diversity Trust and the Nordic Genetic Resource Center. The last organisation is responsible for the day to day operation and management and organises deposits in the Seed Vault. The Seed Vault offers the most secure back-up possible for a worldwide network of genebanks that together conserve and make available the biological foundation of agriculture. It contains duplicates of collections of all the world’s major seed crops and a huge range of minor crops. The Seed Vault has a capacity of 4.5 million distinct samples. The seeds are stored in “black-box conditions”, meaning that seed storage boxes remain the property of the institution that sent them, and are not even opened by any party other than the depositor. The storage is provided free of charge. At present, there are more than half a million seed samples in the Vault, origination from 212 countries of the world.
Forfattere
Tore SkrøppaSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Venche Talgø G. Chastagner I. M. Thomsen T. Cech K. Riley K. Lange Sonja Klemsdal Arne StensvandSammendrag
Current season needle necrosis (CSNN) has been a serious foliage disorder on true fir Christmas trees and bough material in Europe and North America for more than 25 y. Approximately 2-4 weeks after bud break, needles develop chlorotic spots or bands that later turn necrotic. The symptoms have been observed on noble fir (Abies procera), Nordmann fir (A. nordmanniana) and grand fir (A. grandis) on both continents. CSNN was reported as a physiological disorder with unknown aetiology from USA, Denmark, and Ireland, but was associated with the fungus Kabatina abietis in Germany, Austria and Norway. In 2007, a fungus that morphologically resembled K. abietis was isolated from symptomatic needle samples from Nordmann fir from Austria, Denmark, Germany, Norway, and USA. Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA of these cultures, plus a K. abietis reference culture from Germany (CBS 248.93), resulted in Hormonema dematioides, the imperfect stage of Sydowia polyspora, and thus the taxonomy is further discussed. Inoculation tests on Nordmann fir seedlings and transplants with isolates of S. polyspora from all five countries resulted in the development of CSNN symptoms. In 2009, S. polyspora was also isolated from symptomatic needles from Nordmann fir collected in Slovakia. (c) 2010 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Forfattere
Venche Talgø Gary A. Chastagner Iben M. Thomsen Thomas Cech Kathy Rily Kurt Lange Sonja Klemsdal Arne StensvandSammendrag
For several decades, current-season needle necrosis (CSNN) has been a serious foliage disorder on noble fir (Abies procera) and Nordmann fir (A. nordmanniana) in European and North American Christmas tree and bough plantations. Randomly distributed needles in the new foliage develop chlorotic spots or bands that later may turn necrotic and cause heavy needle cast. We isolated Sydowia polyspora from symptomatic Nordmann fir needles from Austria, Denmark, Germany, Norway, Slovakia, and the U.S., and from Nordmann fir seeds produced in Austria, Denmark, Georgia, and Russia. We also isolated the fungus from noble, Turkish (A. bornmulleriana), grand (A. grandis), and subalpine (A. lasiocarpa) fir needles, and from noble and subalpine fir seeds. Furthermore, S. polyspora was isolated from needles with a missing wax layer around the stomata. Inoculation tests with S. polyspora produced CSNN symptoms on Nordmann fir seedlings and transplants. CSNN spread from tree to tree in a trial in a plastic tunnel in Norway.
Sammendrag
Tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum, cv. Suzanne) were subjected to complete nutrient solution or a solution without nitrogen (N), and placed at different temperatures and light conditions to test the effects of environment on flavonoids and caffeoyl derivatives and related gene expression. N depletion during 4-8 days resulted in enhanced levels of flavonoids and caffeoyl derivatives. Anthocyanins showed pronounced increased levels when lowering the growth temperature from 24 degrees C to 18 degrees C or 12 degrees C. Flavonol levels increased when the light intensity was increased from 100 mu mol m(-2) s(-1) to 200 mu mol m(-2) s(-1) PAR. Synergistic effects of the various environmental factors were observed. The increase in content of quercetin derivatives in response to low temperatures was only found under conditions of N depletion, and especially at the higher light intensity. Expression of structural genes in the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways, PAL (phenylalanine ammonia lyase), CHS (chalcone synthase), F3H (flavanone 3-hydroxylase), and FLS (flavonol synthase) increased in response to N depletion, in agreement with a corresponding increase in flavonoid and caffeoyl content. Expression of these structural genes generally also increased in response to lower temperatures. As indicated through expression studies and correlation analysis, effects of N depletion were apparently mediated through the overall regulators of the pathway the MYB transcription factor ANT1 (ANTHOCYANIN 1) and SlJAF13 (a bHLH transcription factor orthologue of petunia JAF13 and maize RED genes). A PAL gene (PAL6) was identified, and correlation analysis was compatible with PAL6 being an actively expressed gene with function in flavonoid synthesis. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Forfattere
Helge SjursenSammendrag
Sypressvortemelk hører til den biologiske gruppen flerårig vandrende med formeringsrøtter. Den voksne planten er 20-70 cm høy. Stengelen er opprett, enkel eller oftest greinet i toppen, glatt, dels flere stengler i klynge, dels spredte stengler. Bladene er sittende, lineære, utstående eller tilbakebøyde. Stengelbladene er 1-2 mm breie, bladene på sidegreinene er tettsittende og ca. 1 mm breie. Blomstene sitter i sammensatte skjermer med 8-20 stråler i hovedskjermen og støtteblad av samme form som stengelbladene. Småskjermene har 2 stråler og 2 motstående hjerteformete, gulgrønne, senere rødlige, høyblad. Forekommer på dyrket og udyrket mark, langs veier og åkerkanter. Liker best opplendt jord på solfylte vokseplasser. Opptrer som ugras i hager, eng og beite. Planten inneholder en "skarp", giftig, hvit melkesaft. Mottiltak: Sterk grasvekst som konkurrerer med planten, hakking, luking, slått. Sypressvortemelk er vanskelig å bekjempe kjemisk på grunn av vokslag på bladene, men ugrasmidler som inneholder fenoksysyrer bør prøves.