Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2010
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Fritjof Treppke Christian Guido BrucknerSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Siv Lene Gangenes SkarSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Inger MartinussenSammendrag
Cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus L.) is a dioecious perennial plant of the Rosaceae family with a circumpolar distribution. cloudberry fruit consist of up to about 30 drupes, each with a single seed, covered by a hard endocarp. The ripe berry is orange or yellow, soft and high in vitamin C. both the ratio of female plants, number of pollinating insects and fruit development is much influenced by climatic factors causing large variation in annual yields. cloudberry is mainly collected from natural stands, but there is an increased interest in cultivation and commercial cultivation tecchniques. Cultivation and plant breeing on cloudberry have been carried out for several years at Bioforsk nord, and has resulted in the release of four commercial varieties, including two male (Apollen and Apollto) and two female (Fjellgull and Fjordgull) varieties. These varieties have been selected for increased productivity by using profuse flowering, berry size and shooting capacity as criterions. In addition, the female varieties have been selected for the number of pistils per flower and the male varieties by the number of stamens per flower. Currently a new group of clones are evaluated with the aim of finding new cultivars for release. The clones are collected from different parts of Norway, as well as from England and Spitsbergen. Preliminary results from harvesting 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 indicate good production potential for some of the tested clones. There are two main aproaches for cloudberry cultivation; exploitation of natural cloudberry stands and the second is based on planting of improved plant material. Both approaches require fertilization and soil cultivation. Methods for propagation of material have been developed as well as a guide for greenhouse production of cloudberries. Recently attempts to cultivate natural stands of European blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) have been initiated. The fields are both on forest soil and on cultivated soil and are situated in North- Mid- and South-Norway.
Redaktører
Johanne KjuusSammendrag
Norsk dagligvarehandel lever av å formidle mat og andre dagligvarer til norske forbrukere og har stor betydning for forbrukernes dagligvaretilbud. Tilgjengelighet og utvalg, pris og kvalitet avhenger av tilpasningen i dagligvarehandelen. I tillegg avhenger lokale handels- og servicemiljøer av dagligvarehandelens lokaliseringsbeslutninger. Dagligvarehandelen stiller også i økende grad premissene for utviklingen av matindustrien. De siste par årene har sysselsettingen i dagligvarehandelen økt med ca. 5 prosent og siden 1995 har dagligvarehandelens reelle bidrag til nasjonalproduktet økt med mer enn 50 prosent. I denne rapporten gis en bred dokumentasjon av dagligvarehandelens plass i norsk økonomi og samfunn generelt og i norsk matsektor spesielt.
Forfattere
Ommo Hüppop V Dierschke Sverre Kobro J DierschkeSammendrag
The number of Bullfinches recorded on the offshore island of Helgoland (SE North Sea) in the autumn migration periods (late September to late December) from 1972 to 2009 are negatively correlated to the supply of rowanberries in Norway. Many Bullfinches only occurred, when this important winter food was scarce in Norway. As such correlation was found also for trapping sites at the Baltic Sea (Christiansø, Falsterbo), irruptively migratory behaviour of Scandinavian Bullfinches appears to act on a large geographical scale. This is underlined by the results of a linear model, showing that the occurrence of Bullfinches at Helgoland is best explained by trapping numbers in Falsterbo and their interaction with rowanberriy supply in Norway. Actually, not all invasions recorded at Falsterbo reach Helgoland, probably due to its situation far offshore: migrating passerines do not cross the German Bight in any weather situation, but instead often follow the coastline without touching Helgoland. It is stressed that data collected unsystematically are appropriate for analyses of invasions.
Sammendrag
Vi har sju norske storferaser og seks av disse har så små populasjoner at de regnes som truet. Norsk genressurssenter har det siste året tatt et krafttak for å få et fullstendig manntall over disse seks rasene ved å oppgradere slektskapsdatabasen Kuregisteret i samarbeid med Geomatikkseksjonen ved Skog og landskap. Men hva er egentlig en norsk storferase?
Sammendrag
Scenarios of climate changes indicate longer and more frequent spells of mild weather during winter in northern latitudes. De-hardening in perennial grasses could increase the risk of frost kill. In this study, the resistance to de-hardening of different grass species and cultivars was examined, and whether the resistance changes during winter or between years, was tested. In Experiment 1, two cultivars of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) of contrasting winter hardiness were grown under ambient winter conditions, transferred from the field in January and April 2006 to the laboratory for 9 d with controlled de-hardening conditions of 3°C, 9°C and 15°C. The timothy cultivars were tested at 3°C, 6°C and 9°C in a similar experiment (Experiment 2) in January 2007. De-hardening, measured as decrease in frost tolerance (LT50), was less in timothy than in perennial ryegrass and increased with increasing temperatures. The northern winter-hardy cultivar Engmo of timothy de-hardened more rapidly than the less-hardy cultivar Grindstad, but had higher initial frost tolerance in both experiments, whereas there was less difference between cultivars of perennial ryegrass in Experiment 1. Cultivar Grindstad of timothy lost all hardiness in early spring at all temperatures, whereas cultivar Engmo maintained some hardiness at 3°C. Cultivar Engmo de-hardened at a lower rate in 2007 than in 2006, in spite of similar frost tolerance at the start of de-hardening treatment in both years. This indicates that the rate of de-hardening was controlled by factors additional to the initial frost tolerance and that autumn weather conditions might be important for the resistance to de-hardening.
Forfattere
Lars Tørres Havstad Trygve S. Aamlid Trond Maukon HenriksenSammendrag
The marked for cereal cover crop straw and herbage seed straw has diminished in many seed production areas due to less lifestock. Seed growers therefore want to chop and return the straw both in the sowing year and in the seed harvest years. The objectives of this research were (1) to compare decomposition rates of straw of barley and wheat cover crops and timothy (Phleum pratense L.), meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.), and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) seed crops, (2) to study the effect on soil microbial activity of adding mineral nitrogen or fresh leaves from undersown seed crops, and (3) to evaluate the effect of straw placement / soil contact on straw decomposition rates. Microbial activity / straw decomposition rates were evaluated by regular measurement of CO2 production in four laboratory incubation experiments lasting for 150-161 days. Microbial activity was always enhanced by adding straw on the soil surface. Straw of barley resulted in higher CO2 production than straw of wheat, while straw of red clover and meadow fescue resulted in higher CO2 production than straw of timothy. Inclusion of fresh leaves of white clover and timothy increased CO2 production during the first and second half of the incubation experiments, respectively. Neither in the sowing year nor in the seed harvest year was microbial activity stimulated by adding fertilizer nitrogen, but soil mineral nitrogen by the end of the experiments was higher after adding fertilizer or fresh leaves, and lower after adding grass seed straw. Presumably due to higher humidity, straw decomposition in a field experiment was higher in timothy stubble than in wheat stubble and higher at 2 cm than at 10 cm above the soil surface. For practical seed production, growers are recommended to leave short stubble, to chop the straw as finely as possible, and to distribute the straw evenly on the surface in close contact with soil particles.