Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2023
Forfattere
Habtamu AlemSammendrag
It is critical to analyze the performance of enterprises to achieve sustainable agricultural development. Several studies have been conducted to assess farm performance. However, the studies have been criticized for failing to account for farm heterogeneity (which is frequently unobserved) in their evaluation of Norwegian agricultural performance. Technically, a farm is efficient if it can produce a certain amount of output with the fewest possible inputs and no input waste. In this paper, efficiency scores are calculated using a production function with both a random intercept and a random slope parameter, addressing the issue of unobserved heterogeneity in stochastic frontier analysis. Using Norwegian dairy and crop farms as a case study, we demonstrate the viability of improving the agriculture industry and reducing resource waste. The case study was established on data collected from 5884 dairy farms and 1880 crop farms from the years 2000 to 2019. According to the empirical findings of the case study, dairy and crop producers used inefficient technologies and squandered production resources. If all farmers follow a sustainable and efficient path to produce agricultural output, they could increase output by 15–18%. Farmers must follow sustainable paths, and politicians must encourage farm experience exchange so that less efficient dairy and crop-producing farms can learn from the most efficient farms to achieve sustainable development.
Forfattere
Ana María De Lera Garrido Terje Gobakken Marius Hauglin Erik Næsset Ole Martin BollandsåsSammendrag
The aim of this study was to analyze the accuracy of predictions of dominant height, mean height, basal area, and volume from the nationwide forest attribute map (SR16). The analysis took advantage of field observations from 33 different forest inventory projects across Norway used for validation. Forest attributes for more than 5000 plots were predicted using non-stratified and stratified models of SR16 and the predictions were compared against corresponding ground reference values. Finally, the effect of different factors that might have influenced the prediction errors were analyzed using partial least squared regression (PLSR) to determine under which conditions the SR16 is less apt. The overall results across all plots were adequate (RMSE of 10%, MD of 2% for dominant and mean height; RMSE of 28%, MD of 4% for basal area; RMSE of 31%, MD of 5% for volume). However, when the accuracy was assessed locally for each inventory project, large differences in accuracy were observed. The MD% values for some inventory projects were substantial (>30% for basal area and volume). The results showed that stratification did not necessarily improve the results and that factors related to the forest structure had the greatest impact on the PLSR analysis.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Siri Gulaker Mathisen Ove Wolfgang Ville Olkkonen Érika Mata Kristina Haaskjold Ignacio Sevillano Viktoria Martin Marianne Zeyringer Dilip Khatiwada Julia HanssonSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Atle Wehn HegnesSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Andres F. Cibils Richard Estell Sheri Spiegal Shelemia Nyamuryekung'e Matthew M. McIntosh Danielle M. Duni Oscar A. Herrera Conegliano Felipe A. Rodriguez Almeida Octavio Roacho Estrada Lisandro J. Blanco Michael C. Duniway Santiago A. Utsumi Alfredo L. GonzalezSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Three lichen species, Fuscopannaria praetermissa, Lepraria borealis and Xanthomendoza fulva, are reported as additions to the biodiversity of the Gaupne area, Sogn og Fjordane, Norway. The fungal universal barcode DNA sequence (nrITS) is provided for Fuscopannaria praetermissa and Lepraria borealis. Results of preliminary molecular analyses indicate the need for a systematic revision of Lepraria borealis and other taxa in the L. neglecta group.
Sammendrag
Introduction: Greenhouse tomato growers face the challenge of balancing fruit size and chemical quality traits. This study focused on elucidating the interplay between plant branching and light management on these traits, while maintaining consistent shoot density. Methods: We evaluated one- and two-shoot plants under varying top light intensities using high-pressure sodium lamps and light-emitting diode (LED) inter-lighting. Results: The reduced yield in the two-shoot plants was mainly due to smaller fruit size, but not due to source strength limitations, as evaluated through leaf weight ratio (LWR), chlorophyll index, specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter percentage, and stem soluble carbohydrate accumulation. Enhanced lighting improved fruit weight and various fruit traits, such as dry matter content, total soluble carbohydrate content, and phenolic content, for both one- and two-shoot plant types. Despite lower mean fruit weight, two-shoot plants exhibited higher values for chemical fruit quality traits, indicating that the fruit growth of two-shoot plants is not limited by the available carbohydrates (source strength), but by the fruit sink strength. Diurnal analysis of fruit growth showed that two-shoot plants had reduced expansion during light transitions. This drop in fruit expansion was not related to changes in root pressure (measured as xylem sap exudation from decapitated plants), but might be related to diminished xylem area in the stem joint of the two-shoot plants. The concentration of several hormones, including cytokinins, was lower in two-shoot plants, suggesting a reduced fruit sink capacity. Discussion: The predominant impact of branching to two-shoot plants on sink capacity suggests that the fruit growth is not limited by available carbohydrates (source strength). Alongside the observation that light supplementation and branching exert independent additive effects on fruit size and chemical traits, this illuminates the potential to independently regulate these aspects in greenhouse tomato production.