Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2012
Forfattere
Richard Baker Frank Koch Kriicos Darren Trond Rafoss Venette Rob Wopke van der WerfSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
May SæthreSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
In 2008, an epidemic caused by a new Neonectria sp. was discovered on white fir (Abies concolor) in several counties in southern Norway [1]. Later the pathogen was also found on other fir species in Norway and Denmark [2]. Typical symptoms and signs were dead shoots, flagging (dead branches), canker wounds, heavy resin flow, and occasionally red fruiting bodies (perithecia). Pathogenicity tests on several Abies spp. proved the fungus to be very aggressive, which corresponds well with observations of mortality of white fir and subalpine fir (A. lasiocarpa) from different age classes under field conditions. Sequencing of the internal transcribed regions (ITS) of the ribosomal DNA showed that this Neonectria sp. was most similar to N. ditissima (only 5 bp different from isolates in the GenBank), a common pathogen worldwide on broad leaf trees. The ITS sequences were very different (> 20 bp) from N. fuckeliana, a well-known fungus on Norway spruce in Scandinavia and other parts of the world, especially in the northern hemisphere. In 2011, the new Neonectria species was found on diseased trees in a Danish nordmann fir (Abies nordmanniana) seed orchard. Resin flow was seen from mature cones, and tests revealed that the seeds were infected by the Neonectria sp.
Sammendrag
Sewage sludge application on soils represents an important potential source of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) to terrestrial ecosystems, and it is thus important to understand the fate of Ag NPs once in contact with soil components. Our aim was to compare the behavior of three different forms of silver, namely silver nitrate, citrate stabilized Ag NPs (5 nm) and uncoated Ag NPs (19 nm), in two soils with contrasting organic matter content, and to follow changes in binding strength over time. Soil samples were spiked with silver and left to age for 2 h, 2 days, 5 weeks or 10 weeks before they were submitted to sequential extraction. The ionic silver solution and the two Ag NP types were radiolabeled so that silver could be quantified by gamma spectrometry by measuring the 110mAg tracer in the different sequential extraction fractions. Different patterns of partitioning of silver were observed for the three forms of silver. All types of silver were more mobile in the mineral soil than in the soil rich in organic matter, although the fractionation patterns were very different for the three silver forms in both cases. Over 20% of citrate stabilized Ag NPs was extractible with water in both soils the first two days after spiking (compared to 1–3% for AgNO3 and uncoated Ag NPs), but the fraction decreased to trace levels thereafter. Regarding the 19 nm uncoated Ag NPs, 80% was not extractible at all, but contrary to AgNO3 and citrate stabilized Ag NPs, the bioaccessible fraction increased over time, and by day 70 was between 8 and 9 times greater than that seen in the other two treatments. This new and unexpected finding demonstrates that some Ag NPs can act as a continuous source of bioaccessible Ag, while AgNO3 is rapidly immobilized in soil.
Forfattere
Grete K. Hovelsrud Ingrid Kvalvik Halvor Dannevig Inger Hanssen-Bauer Sigridur Dalmannsdottir Lars Rønning Eivind Uleberg Bob van OortSammendrag
An interdisciplinary study, based on downscaled climate change scenarios and interviews with local farmers in Northern Norway, has assessed biological and agronomic effects of climate change, and interaction with political, economic and social factors. The study confirms that farmers are facing complex challenges. Negative effects from climate change combine with other challenges.
Forfattere
Inger MartinussenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Ashraful Islam Sissel Haugslien Dag-Ragnar Blystad Sissel Torre Jorunn Elisabeth Olsen Henrik Lütken Jihong Liu ClarkeSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Ashraful Islam Sissel Haugslien Dag-Ragnar Blystad Sissel Torre Jorunn Elisabeth Olsen Henrik Lütken Jihong Liu ClarkeSammendrag
Poinsettia is one of the most important potted ornamentals for Christmas. Appropriate plant height is an important trait in poinsettia production. Concern about the negative effects of chemical growth retardants has limited their availability and use. Generation of compact poinsettia plants by genetic transformation has become a promising approach.
Sammendrag
The collapse of the Soviet Union in the Central Asian countries has led to enormous challenges for them ensuring a sustainable environment. Weak economies, weak institutions and lack of environmental sciences expertise were important reasons for the Norwegian support to the environmental sector in this region. The State Forest Service of the Kyrgyz Republic and the Norwegian Forestry Group initiated the TEMP project, later renamed TEMP-CA, in the Kyrgyz Republic in 2004. TEMP-activities in the Republic of Tajikistan were included in 2007 and in the Republic of Uzbekistan from 2008. In 2008, as a spin-off of TEMP-CA, the Ahangaran Forest Damage Project was initiated realizing that the Juniper forests surrounding the town of Angren were under environmental constrain, possibly due to massive industrial activities....
Forfattere
Reidun PommerescheSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag