Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2001
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Sammendrag
In 1996, 7000 ha of pine forests were defoliated by the pine looper Bupalus piniaria in south-western Sweden.The susceptibility of trees of different defoliation classes (0, 30, 60, 90 and 100% defoliation) to beetle-vectored blue-stain fungi was tested in inoculation experiments.Forty and 120-year-old Scots pine trees were inoculated with `single\", i.e. a few inoculations of Leptographium wingfieldii and Ophiostoma minus, two blue-stain fungi associated with the pine shoot beetle Tomicus piniperda. The young trees were also \"mass\" inoculated with L. wingfieldii at a density of 400 inoculation points per m2 over a 60 cm stem belt.Host tree symptoms indicated that only trees with 90100% defoliation were susceptible to the mass inoculation.Single inoculations did not result in any consistent differences in fungal performance between trees of different defoliation classes, regardless of inoculated species or tree age class.Leptographium wingfieldii produced larger reaction zones than O. minus, and both species produced larger lesions in old than in young trees.As beetle-induced tree mortality in the study area occurred only in totally defoliated stands, mass inoculations seem to mimic beetle-attacks fairly well, and thus seem to be a useful tool for assessing host resistance.As even severely defoliated pine trees were quite resistant, host defence reactions in Scots pine seem to be less dependent on carbon allocation than predicted by carbon-based defence hypotheses.
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Inntrykk og presentasjonar av metodar for å redusera fruktsprekking i søtkirsebær frå ISHS-kirsebærsymposium i USA er oppsummert.
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Reiserapport frå internasjonalt kirsebærsymposium i USA.
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The effect of preliminary nutrient activation on the ability of conidia of the antagonist Trichoderma harzianum (atroviride) P1 to suppress Botrytis cinerea was investigated in laboratory, greenhouse, and field trials. Preliminary nutrient activation at 21°C accelerated subsequent germination of the antagonist at temperatures from 9 to 21°C; at >18°C, the germination time of preactivated T. harzianum P1 conidia did not differ significantly from that of B. cinerea. When coinoculated with B. cinerea, concentrated inocula of preactivated but ungerminated T. harzianum P1 conidia reduced in vitro germination of the pathogen by >87% at 12 to 25°C; initially quiescent conidia achieved this level of suppression only at 25°C. Application of quiescent T. harzianum P1 conidia to detached strawberry flowers in moist chambers reduced infection by B. cinerea by >85% at 24°C, but only by 35% at 12°C. Preactivated conidia reduced infection by >60% at 12°C. Both quiescent and preactivated conidia significantly reduced latent infection in greenhouse-grown strawberries at a mean temperature of 19°C, whereas only preactivated conidia were effective in the field at a mean temperature of 14°C on the day of treatment application. An antagonistic mechanism based on initiation of germination in sufficiently concentrated inocula suggests that at suboptimal temperatures the efficacy of Trichoderma antagonists might be improved by conidia activation prior to application
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Three copper fungicides were tested in their effect against apple scab (Venturia inaequalis). Copper oxide and Copper oxychloride were the most effective against scab. Copper hydroxide was the least phytotoxic to apple foliage and fruit