Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2019
Forfattere
Finn-Arne HaugenSammendrag
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Forfattere
Finn-Arne HaugenSammendrag
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Forfattere
Finn-Arne HaugenSammendrag
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Sammendrag
Aim: Many countries lack informative, high‐resolution, wall‐to‐wall vegetation or land cover maps. Such maps are useful for land use and nature management, and for input to regional climate and hydrological models. Land cover maps based on remote sensing data typically lack the required ecological information, whereas traditional field‐based mapping is too expensive to be carried out over large areas. In this study, we therefore explore the extent to which distribution modelling (DM) methods are useful for predicting the current distribution of vegetation types (VT) on a national scale. Location: Mainland Norway, covering ca. 324,000 km2. Methods: We used presence/absence data for 31 different VTs, mapped wall‐to‐wall in an area frame survey with 1081 rectangular plots of 0.9 km2. Distribution models for each VT were obtained by logistic generalised linear modelling, using stepwise forward selection with an F‐ratio test. A total of 116 explanatory variables, recorded in 100 m × 100 m grid cells, were used. The 31 models were evaluated by applying the AUC criterion to an independent evaluation dataset. Results: Twenty‐one of the 31 models had AUC values higher than 0.8. The highest AUC value (0.989) was obtained for Poor/rich broadleaf deciduous forest, whereas the lowest AUC (0.671) was obtained for Lichen and heather spruce forest. Overall, we found that rare VTs are predicted better than common ones, and coastal VTs are predicted better than inland ones. Conclusions: Our study establishes DM as a viable tool for spatial prediction of aggregated species‐based entities such as VTs on a regional scale and at a fine (100 m) spatial resolution, provided relevant predictor variables are available. We discuss the potential uses of distribution models in utilizing large‐scale international vegetation surveys. We also argue that predictions from such models may improve parameterisation of vegetation distribution in earth system models.
Forfattere
Sebastian EiterSammendrag
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Forfattere
Sebastian EiterSammendrag
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Forfattere
Eric Post Eva Beyen Pernille Sporon Bøving R. Conor Higgins Christian John Jeff Kerby Christian Pedersen David A. WattsSammendrag
We report an observation of a flightless fledgling Lapland longspur (Calcarius lapponicus (Linnaeus, 1758)) at a long-term study site near Kangerlussuaq, Greenland, in late July 2018. Based on our observations of longspur nests at the site dating back to 1993, we estimate that the fledgling observed in 2018 may have originated from a nest initiated 12–37 d later than nesting in previous years. Onset of spring in 2018 was late, but comparable with other years in which longspur nests were observed a full calendar month earlier than in 2018. An analysis including multiple candidate predictor variables revealed a strong negative association between estimated longspur nest initiation dates and mean May temperature, as well as a weaker association with the length of the annual period of vegetation green up at the site. Given the limitations of our data, however, we are unable to assign causality to the 2018 observation, and cannot rule out other possibilities, such as that it may have resulted from a second clutch.
Forfattere
Jürgen Dengler Thomas J. Matthews Manuel J. Steinbauer Sebastian Wolfrum Steffen Boch Alessandro Chiarucci Timo Conradi Iwona Dembicz Corrado Marcenó Itziar García-Mijangos Arkadiusz Nowak David Storch Werner Ulrich Juan Antonio Campos Laura Cancellieri Marta Carboni Giampiero Ciaschetti Pieter De Frenne Jiří Doležal Christian Dolnik Franz Essl Edy Fantinato Goffredo Filibeck John-Arvid Grytnes Riccardo Guarino Behlül Güler Monika Janišová Ewelina Klichowska Łukasz Kozub Anna Kuzemko Michael Manthey Anne Mimet Alireza Naqinezhad Christian Pedersen Robert K. Peet Vincent Pellissier Remigiusz Pielech Giovanna Potenza Leonardo Rosati Massimo Terzi Orsolya Valkó Denys Vynokurov Hannah White Manuela Winkler Idoia BiurrunSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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