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Publikasjoner

NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.

2011

Sammendrag

I skogen pågår en intens kamp mellom barkbille og gran. Forskning avdekker hvordan treet forsvarer seg med biokjemiske våpen, mens barkbilla, hvis den får overtaket, kan felle enorme skogområder.

Sammendrag

I 2010 ble det totalt analysert 112 prøver. Av disse mottok Bioforsk 74 merket "OK-program" og 38 uten henvisning til program. Patogenet ble påvist i 43 av prøvene. Av 2 analyserte importsendinger var 1 positiv. P.ramorum ble påvist i planteskoler og hagesentre i Sør-Norge. Det ble påvist hovedsakelig på rododendron, men på 4 lokaliteter ble det funnet på pyramidelyng (Pieris japonica). P. ramorum ble påvist også i parker og friområder på Vestlandet (Bergen og Stavanger-området). Det ble bare påvist på rododendron. De fleste prøver ble analysert med real-time PCR. Et mindre antall prøver ble analysert ved isolering på selektivt dyrkingsmedium      

Sammendrag

The appearance of new problems caused by Phytophthora species has triggered a number of sanitary surveillances and surveys in nurseries, parks and ornamental production fields in Norway the last 8 years. As a result, several Phytophthora species and new hosts for already known species have been detected in Norway. On woody plants of ornamental value we have found: P. cactorum, P. citricola (plurivora), P. cambivora, P. citrophthora, P. gonopodyides, P. inundata-like, P. megasperma complex, P. ramorum and P. syringae. P. cinnamomi has been found in potted plants in nurseries and in greenhouses, but never in established plants. P. taxon Pgchlamydo was isolated from the soil and debris of an ornamental nursery. In fruit and berry production we have found: P. cactorum, P. cryptogea, P. fragariae, P. megasperma complex and P. rubi. Other Phytopthtora species, reported to cause damages on trees or scrubs, have been detected only in greenhouses in Norway:  P. nicotianae, P. taxon niederhauserii and P. palmivora. Until the 2000s the identifications of Phytophthora species were made by morphological characters. In the last years we always combined morphology with molecular methods for identification (mainly ITS or cox sequencing).  

Sammendrag

Fusarium graminearum causes head blight disease in wheat and barley. To help understand the infection process on wheat we studied global gene expression of F. graminearum in a time series from 24 to 196 hours after inoculation, compared to a non-inoculated control. The infection was rapid and after 48h over 4000 fungal genes were expressed. The number of genes expressed increased over time up to 96h (>8000 genes), and then declined at the 144h and 192h post inoculation time points. After subtraction of genes found expressed on complete medium, during carbon or nitrogen starvation, and on barley, only 355 were found exclusively expressed in wheat, mostly ones with unknown function (72.6%). These genes were mainly found in single-nucleotide polymorphism enriched islands on the chromosomes, suggesting a higher evolutionary selection pressure. The annotated genes were enriched in functional groups predicted to be involved in allantoin and allantoate transport, detoxification, nitrogen, sulfur and selenium metabolism, secondary metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and degradation of polysaccharides and ester compounds. Several putative secreted virulence factors were also found expressed in wheat.