Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2011
Forfattere
Jørgen Mølmann Anne Linn Hykkerud Steindal Tor J. Johansen Gunnar BengtssonSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Svein EilertsenSammendrag
Foreliggende konsekvensutredning knyttet til reindrift ved planlagt vindkraftverk i Fálesrášša,Kvalsund kommune, er en del av en helhetlig konsekvensutredning som er gjennomført på oppdrag fra tiltakshaver Finnmark Kraft AS. Gearretnarga reinbeitedistrikt (nr 21) bruker utredningsområdet som beiteland fra vår, gjennom sommeren og til høsten. Området er også kalvingsland for distriktet. Utredningsområdet har stor til middels stor verdi for reindrifta. Etablering av Fálesrášša vindkraftpark vil ha middels negative konsekvenser for reindrifta, i hovedsak som følge av forventet forstyrrelser på reinen og dermed endret arealbruk som resultat. Utbygger kan ta hensyn til reindrifta ved å unngå aktivitet i området når reinen er særlig sårbar for forstyrrelser (kalvingsperioden). Stengte tilførsels- og internveier for motorisert ferdsel og begrensing av friluftslivsaktiviteter i kalvingsperioden er foreslått somavbøtende tiltak for å redusere de negative konsekvensene for reindrifta.
Forfattere
Berit Nordskog Trond Rafoss Ragnhild Nærstad Ingerd Skow Hofgaard Halvard Hole Oleif Elen Guro BrodalSammendrag
Forecasting models for prediction of diseases and pests in crop plants are helpful tools in decision support systems for crop management. Correct use of pesticides may result in optimal effect, increased yield and better quality of the crop, while minimizing the environmental strain and costs. In Norway, a range of decision support systems for diseases, pests and weeds are available through the internet service VIPS (www.vips-landbruk.no). The reliability of disease and pest forecasts depends on robust forecasting models and relevant weather data. Although weather data are collected from a network of 80 weather stations located in agricultural production areas in Norway, many farms are remotely located from a weather station. The accuracy of forecasts relies on distance and geographical variation from the farm site to the nearest weather station. Forecasts for pest or diseases can be tailored to fit the local conditions at a farm site by use of weather forecasts and radar measured rainfall. The use of this system will be of particular interest to farms located far from the nearest weather station. Also, locally adapted forecasts for pest or diseases promote a sense of ownership and personal interest in the forecasting systems provided. The Norwegian Meteorological Institute provide weather forecasts on a 4x4 km spatial resolution in rural areas on a 1 hour timescale, while radar measured rainfall has a 1x1 km spatial resolution on a 15 min time scale. These data are currently connected to the existing weather stations to predict warnings ahead of time. The new approach is to adapt these data to individual farm sites. Previous tests have shown that weather prognosis for rainfall is less accurate than weather prognosis for temperature, wind, air humidity and radiation. Estimated rainfall will therefore be based on radar measurements. As part of a pilot project, the use of farm scale forecasts to predict development of plant diseases were tested at 35 farms in the Solør-Odal district in Norway in 2010 and 2011. Preliminary results show that late-blight forecasts produced on a farm scale often differ from forecasts based on data from the nearest weather station, proving the significance of the local approach in farm scale forecasting. Predictions of DON (deoxynivalenol) concentration in oats at harvest based on farm scale weather data, compared to predictions based on weather data from the nearest weather station will also be studied. Future aspects will be to work towards an improved system where farmers throughout Norway can register their farm and automatically have access to a range of pest and disease forecasts based on site specific weather data.
Forfattere
Venche TalgøSammendrag
I lyngkledde åsar i Cornwall visnar blåbærlyngen ned på grunn av Phytophthora kernoviae og P. ramorum. Begge skadegjerarane har etter alt å døma spreidd seg frå infiserte hageplanter. Denne artikkelen rapporterer frå ein felttur i Cornwall, og er den første av to artiklar om Phytophthora-skade på lignosar i sørvest England. Neste artikkel vil omhandla skade på skog.
Sammendrag
I perioden 2008 til 2011 er der i Norge og Danmark fundet omfattende barkskader på skud af forskellige ædelgran arter, især concolor og lasiocarpa. årsagen er en hidtil ukendt Neonectria art, som er et aggressivt patogen vurderet ud fra test på unge skud.
Forfattere
Iben M. Thomsen Venche Talgø Erling Fløistad Kari Ørstad Trude L. Slørstad Arne StensvandSammendrag
En alvorlig svampesygdom hærger buksbom i store dele af Europa. Sygdommen er også konstateret i Danmark og kan give store problemer i pyntegrønt bevoksninger af buksbom, samt få betydning for afsætning af klippegrønt.
Forfattere
Venche Talgø Erling Fløistad Kari Ørstad Trude L. Slørstad Arne Stensvand PublikasjonsforfatterSammendrag
En alvorlig svampesygdom hærger buksbom i store dele af Europa. Sygdommen er også konstateret i Danmark og kan få vidtgående konsekvenser på kirkegårde og i parkanlæg.
Sammendrag
Det vert i denne artikkelen gjort kort greie for sjukdomen lerrote og prosjektet "Jordbær uten lerrote til norsk konservesindustri" som starta i 2011.
Sammendrag
Application of bottom wood ash give supply of plant available P and K which can be taken up by the crop if the N supply is sufficient.
Forfattere
Tor J. JohansenSammendrag
Production of healthy, vigorous potato plants and a high yield of good quality under varied environmental conditions require quality seed tubers. Quality may be divided in two important factors, tuber health and physiological quality. Physiological quality (number and vigour of sprouts and stems, growth and yield potential) is determined by the size of the seed tuber, the physiological status of the seed and interactions between these two factors. The physiological status of the seed is usually called physiological age. This may be defined as “the stage of development of a tuber, which is modified progressively by increasing chronological age, depending of growth history and storage conditions” (Struik and Wiersema 1999, Seed potato technology). The sequence of stages of development are dormancy, apical sprouting, normal sprouting with a few or multiple branched sprouts, senility and finally incubation with direct formation of daughter tubers on the seed tuber. Each stage has a strong influence on vigour and yield potential of the seed. Temperature is the most important environmental factor that affects physiological age in seed potatoes, either during growth of the mother plant, or during storage. Unfortunately, physiological age is hard to measure directly, and indirect methods, based on sprout development, sprout characteristics and sprouting capacity are normally used. In Norway, several studies of the impact of geographic origin, growth temperatures, day-lengths, and pre-storing temperatures on vigour and yield potential have been performed the last10 years. One of the aims has been to study the “northern vigour claims”, which implies superiority of seed produced in northern latitudes over seed produced in southern latitudes. In summary the results showed: Low temperature (9 ºC) gave a small but positive effect on progeny growth vigour and yields compared to a higher temperature (15 ºC) in cv. ‘Troll’. Day-length (12 or 24 hrs) did not affect the results significantly. In a study with average temperatures of 9, 15 and 18 ºC, 12 and 24 hrs day-lengths, the physiologically oldest tubers originated from the lowest growth temperatures. In a three-year field study at distant sites in Norway (lat. 59-70) the results showed no superiority of seed from any latitude, regarding vigour and yields. In a controlled climate study at 9, 15 and 21 °C, results showed that dormancy may be shortened by low grow temperatures, and similarly by low post-harvest temperatures (4 °C). The scientific fundament of “northern vigour” is still not clear, but as a statement it may call attention to the generally good quality of northern seed.