Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2024
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
1. We propose that the ecological resilience of communities to permanent changes of the environment can be based on how variation in the overall abundance of individuals affects the number of species. Community sensitivity is defined as the ratio between the rate of change in the log expected number of species and the rate of change in the log expected number of individuals in the community. High community sensitivity means that small changes in the total abundance strongly impact the number of species. Community resistance is the proportional reduction in expected number of individuals that the community can sustain before expecting to lose one species. A small value of community resistance means that the community can only endure a small reduction in abundance before it is expected to lose one species. 2. Based on long-term studies of four bird communities in European deciduous forests at different latitudes large differences were found in the resilience to environmental perturbations. Estimating the variance components of the species abundance distribution revealed how different processes contributed to the community sensitivity and resistance. Species heterogeneity in the population dynamics was the largest component, but its proportion varied among communities. Species-specific response to environmental fluctuations was the second major component of the variation in abundance. 3. Estimates of community sensitivity and resistance based on data only from a single year were in general larger than those based on estimates from longer time series. Thus, our approach can provide rapid and conservative assessment of the resilience of communities to environmental changes also including only short-term data. 4. This study shows that a general ecological mechanism, caused by increased strength of density dependence due to reduction in resource availability, can provide an intuitive measure of community resilience to environmental variation. Our analyses also illustrate the importance of including specific assumptions about how different processes affect community dynamics. For example, if stochastic fluctuations in the environment affect all species in a similar way, the sensitivity and resistance of the community to environmental changes will be different from communities in which all species show independent responses.
Forfattere
Atle Wehn HegnesSammendrag
This book analyses the implementation and challenges of using Geographical Indications in Norway. Adapting the modern and global system of Geographical Indications (GIs) to food cultures is a recurring challenge. This text uses Norway as a case study to describe, understand, and explain the socio-cultural adaptation of GIs. The empirical analysis shows that administrators, producers, consultants, and others make a significant effort to adapt the scheme to Norwegian food culture and the food culture to the scheme. Through the development and use of a new conceptual framework, the book continues to show how adaptations occurred and their influence on the development of the Norwegian food culture. The author also reflects upon the status of Norwegian GIs in emerging food cultural contexts related to sustainable and technology change. In summary, this book exhibits the connection between modern global legislative arrangements and traditional local products, providing a springboard for further research on cultural adaptation work of GIs in established and future global food cultures. This book will be of interest to researchers, policymakers, and students in agri-food studies, sociology of food and agriculture, agricultural and rural development, and cultural studies.
2023
Forfattere
Manh-Tien BuiSammendrag
Norway, almost 70,000 tons of civilian explosives will be used, and the explosives used contain approximately 70% ammonium nitrate. From this, a nitrogen loss to water bodies has been calculated to be around 3,000 tons. Increased concentrations of nitrate can therefore be expected. This assignment consists of the evaluation of a biofilter in the Nordlandalen, which is the first in Norway. The biofilter will convert into atmospheric nitrogen. The data used in the assignment comes from the MPS-D8 multiparameter measuring equipment from SEBA, where the loggers come from UnilogCom. The measuring equipment in Nordlandsdalen stands and measures samples continuously and is uploaded to SEBA's pages. It is further supported with weekly samples from Eurofins which are taken every Friday. Physical factors such as water temperature, redox, pH and conductivity are compared to the filter's ability to clean nitrate. Also, different fractions of Tot-N are compared with the degree of purification. The degree of cleanliness of the filter remained relatively good throughout the tunnel test with relatively high values of nitrate in it. Despite periods of severe drought, the degree of purification remained quite high throughout the year but will be expected to change in the event of heavy rainfall and above theoretical operating values. The biggest contributions to the degree of purification in the filter came from water temperature, redox, pH and nitrate. After the summer period, there were major flooding episodes at Nordlandsdalen and caused the level of cleaning to drop. This may be due to physical damage to the filter during the flood period, but this needs to be investigated further. During the flood periods, several of the automatic meters were overwhelmed, as more nitrate came in than the sensors could handle, and there were sensor failures at the start of the year. High concentrations of DOC will lead to increased sensor data errors. Data from the automatic measurements were taken from April-September, in order to disregard corrupt data. With less data, the data resolution will be better, which can tell about the function of the filter. The samples from Eurofins will help to support data from the period April-September, as well as the rest of the year. Where the degree of purification is low, it seems to be able to help with the dosing of methanol. In 2023, the dosage of methanol in the biofilter led to a double increase in the degree of purification. Methanol dosing will also be seen as a possible solution to be able to increase the degree of purification during colder periods. The degree of purification of the filter will be largely dependent on various parameters, such as water temperature, redox, pH and conductivity in order to clean with the highest possible degree of purification. The filter will not only be affected by these parameters, and other factors should not be excluded. Longer operation and thorough monitoring will lead to a clearer picture of the computing capacity of the filter at Nordlandsdalen.
Sammendrag
Et forsøk på å finne tall for hvor mye av avlingspotensialet som går tapt til jordbærsnutebille kan være nyttig i arbeidet med å utvikle forebyggende strategier. Ved å kartlegge forekomst av biller, samt skadeomfang mellom felt av ulike sorter og alder på felt, håper vi å kunne peke på en vei til framtidig redusert skade og økte avlinger
Forfattere
Cornelya KlutschSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Cornelya KlutschSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Fagansvar for tema skogbiologi (>100 artikler) som gir informasjon om skog, skogtyper, skogbruk og skogens biologi til skoleelever, studenter og befolkningen generelt.