Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2004
Forfattere
T. Yli-Mattila R.L. Mach I.A. Alekhina S.A. Bulat S. Koskinen C.M. Kulling-Gradinger C.P. Kubicek Sonja KlemsdalSammendrag
Fusarium langsethiae was recently described to accommodate "powdery" isolates of Fusarium poae, which morphologically resemble F. poae, but whose metabolite profile is similar to that of Fusarium sporotrichioides. In order to investigate the phylogenetic relationship of F. langsethiae to closely related species, we sequenced the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions 1 and 2 and part of the intergenic spacer (IGS) region of the rDNA cluster and part of the ß-tubulin gene from 109 strains of F. poae, F. sporotrichioides, F. langsethiae and Fusarium kyushuense from different geographic origin. Sequence analysis of ITS1 and 2 was unable to separate all F. sporotrichioides strains from F. langsethiae strains. Sequence analysis of ß-tubulin distinguished all four species, but it did not resolve the phylogenetic relationship between these two species. Sequence analysis of the IGS region distinguished the four species and led to a higher number of subgroups of the individual species, of which that of F. sporotrichioides var. minus isolates was even better supported than that of F. poae and F. langsethiae. Neighbor-joining and POY analyses of all combined sequences reliably separated all species studied, including F. langsethiae, clearly from F. sporotrichioides. The high intraspecific variability of the IGS sequences were found useful to group isolates according to their geographic origin. These results are in accordance with the results of the UP-PCR hybridization analysis. In summary, our data offer molecular support for the description of F. langsethiae as a new species in section Sporotrichiella.
Forfattere
H. Schmidt A. Adler A. Holst-Jensen Sonja Klemsdal A. Logrieco R.L. Mach H.I. Nirenberg U. Thrane M. Torp R.F. Vogel T. Yli-Mattila L. NiessenSammendrag
An integrated systematic study was carried out to clarify the taxonomical position and relationship of Fusarium langsethiae to other taxa within the Fusarium section Sporotrichiella. Strains of this species were compared with strains of the closely related species Fusarium poae and Fusarium sporotrichioides using a composite dataset. This set consisted of DNA sequences derived from the ribodsomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, partial sequences of the ribosomal intergenic spacer (IGS) region, the ß-tubulin and translation elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-l") genes, AFLP fingerprints, chromatographic data on secondary metabolites and morphological data and growth chharateristics. From these combined data, a consensus matrix was calculated by taking the mean of all pairwise distances between single isolates over all separate datasets. The consensus matrix was used as the basis for the construction of a UPGMA dendrogram and a multidimensional scaling, both of which revealed a clear separation of the three taxa. Partial IGS, EF-l" and ß-tubulin sequence - as well as chromatography - and AFLP-derived similarities turned out to be comparably consistent, while ITS sequence- and morphology-derived similarity matrices were rather divergent.
Forfattere
Stein Harald HjeltnesSammendrag
Artikkelen gjev eit tilbakeblikk på prosessen med etablering av Sognefrukt, eit felles fruktpakkeri for Sogn.
Forfattere
Stein Harald Hjeltnes Olav SørumSammendrag
Artikkelen tek føre seg skjeringsprinsipp som den danske fruktkonsulenten Svend Ramborg demonstrerte på ei markvandring i Sogn i februar 2004.
Forfattere
Finn Måge Kari Grønnerød Stein Harald HjeltnesSammendrag
Fruitlets of four plum cultivars were sampled and weighed at the first and fifteenth of the months Juli and August during 13 years. In years with high fruit weight the first of July, the weight was also high later in July and August. No clear correlations were found between weight in the summer and weight at harvest. For all cultivars the weight of fruitlets was high up to August in the years with early flowering. The time of flower opening was closely related to temperatures in April and May. In years with high temperatures in May and June, fruit ripening was early.
Forfattere
Stein Harald Hjeltnes Lars NornesSammendrag
Pollen germination of the cultivars Avalon, Excalibur, Reeves, Jubileum and Reine Claude Souffriau is tabulated along with results from pollination of these cultivars.
Forfattere
Stein Harald Hjeltnes Lars NornesSammendrag
Progress in the Norwegian plum breeding programme at Njøs is reported. After the occurence of Sharka, the germplasm was eradicated, and a new circle of hybridization was started in 2001. Large-fruited cultivars and early cultivars have been included in a North Carolina design 2 for the production of seedlings.
Forfattere
Stein Harald Hjeltnes Lars NornesSammendrag
Different reported methods for germination of plum seeds were tested in order to construct a more efficient protocol. A certain loss of germination capacity was found after drying of seeds followed by water saturation. The percentage of germination ranged between 0 and 80.
Forfattere
Eivind Vangdal Gunnhild JåstadSammendrag
Larvene av plommeveps gneg seg inn i karten som får mørke lett synlege hol. Karten fell av tidleg på sommaren, og herjing av plommeveps kan vera årsak til kartfall og dårleg avling. Det er store variasjonar frå år til år, og mellom sortane. Sortar som blømer ekstra tidleg eller seint, skal vera mindre utsette for åtak. Eit lite åtak av plommeveps kan føra til høveleg tynning. For å vurdera mengda av plommeveps, kan ein hengja opp kvite limfeller. Ei sprøyting rett etter bløming med Basudin har god verknad mot plommeveps.
Forfattere
Ole Martin Eklo Jens Kværner Eivind Solbakken Ivar Solberg Stein SorknesSammendrag
The objective of the project was to evaluate the extension and reasons of pesticide contamination of drinking water wells in an area with intensive cultivation of potatoes and small grains on fluvial deposits. Most of the households in the field drinking water was supplied from simple groundwater wells, consisting of 5/4 - steel pipes with filter tips, hammered down to the groundwater zone. The area was assumed to be vulnerable to groundwater pollution as permeable deposits covered the major part of the area. High concentrations of pesticides had also been found in groundwater wells in a pilot project. In the project extension and causes of pesticide contamination of the drinking water wells have been assessed from: Soil properties, properties of deeper deposits, hydrogeology and groundwater flow, localisation and use of washing sites and agricultural practise, simulations of groundwater flow around washing sites and wells, simulations of diffuse pesticide leakage from soil and monitoring contents of pesticides and nitrates in groundwater samples from drinking water wells. The results show that most of the pesticide contamination to the groundwater in water could be explained by diffuse leakage from soil after application of normal doses of pesticides on the fields. Some few higher concentrations can be explained by point sources. The investigation supports the hypothesis that the high concentrations of metribuzin and metalaksyl in samples of drinking water in the pilot project, were caused by point source contamination from washing sites. Changes in the attitude among the farmers and procedure for spraying after increased focus on the risk of pesticide pollution might have caused a better procedure for handling of pesticides. The combination of washing sites and drinking water wells requires a high degree of attention and knowledge about pesticides, soil and water. Knowledge from the project has brought into focus the question; how to practice the approval and use of pesticides to reduce contamination. Should pesticides be given general approvals or whether approvals might include restrictions within areas with high risks of groundwater contamination. The last approach will move responsibility to the end-users and will also require adequate advisory tools and services.