Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2008
Forfattere
Ellen Merethe MagnusSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Nina TrandemSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Nina TrandemSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Nina TrandemSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Nina TrandemSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
jihong liu clarke Carl Jonas Jorge Spetz Sissel Haugslien Dag-Ragnar Blystad Merete Wiken Dees Shaochen Xing Roar MoeSammendrag
Abstract Poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. Ex Klotzsch), is a contemporary symbol of Christmas in most parts of the world. Today, Europe and North America represent the largest volume of production and sales, but demand is growing quickly in the other regions as poinsettia becomes more popular each year. In Norway, poinsettia is one of the most important pot plants, with a yearly production close to 6 million plants. Its ornamental value and innovation potential have laid the foundation for extensive research in Norway and elsewhere. Poinsettia mosaic virus (PnMV) can cause diseases in modern poinsettia cultivars. PnMV is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus that belongs to the family Tymoviridae. Infection of poinsettia plants with PnMV results in mosaic symptoms during parts of the growing season, which in turn decreases the commercial value of this ornamental plant. Thus, growers are interested in the potential benefits of growing PnMV-free poinsettias. PnMV-free poinsettia plants can be obtained by heat treatment or in vitro culture of apical meristems, which are time-consuming and cost-ineffective methods. There is a need for a new and effective alternative approach, like Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, which can overcome these difficulties. Therefore, we have developed an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation approach for poinsettia for the first time. Internode stem explants of poinsettia cv. Millenium were transformed by Agrobacterium tumefaciens, strain LBA 4404, harbouring three hairpin (hp) RNA gene constructs to induce RNA silencing-mediated resistance to Poinsettia mosaic virus (PnMV). Prior to transformation, an efficient somatic embryogenesis system was developed for poinsettia cv. Millenium in which about 75 % of the explants produced somatic embryos. In five experiments utilizing 868 explants, 18 independent transgenic lines were generated. Stable integration of transgenes into the poinsettia nuclear genome was confirmed by PCR and Southern blot analysis. Both single- and multiple-copy transgene integration into the poinsettia genome were detected among transformants. Northern blot analysis confirmed the production of transgene-derived small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Transgenic lines showing resistance to mechanical inoculation of PnMV were detected by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (DAS-ELISA). The Agrobacterium-mediated transformation methodology developed in the current study should facilitate improvement of this ornamental plant with enhanced disease resistance, quality improvement and desirable colour alteration. Because poinsettia is a non-food, non-feed plant and is not propagated through sexual reproduction, this is likely to be more acceptable even in areas where genetically modified crops are currently not cultivated.
Sammendrag
Poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. Ex Klotzsch), is a contemporary symbol of Christmas in most parts of the world. Today, Europe and North America represent the largest volume of production and sales, but demand is growing quickly in the other regions as poinsettia becomes more popular each year. In Norway, poinsettia is one of the most important pot plants, with a yearly production close to 6 million plants. Its ornamental value and innovation potential have laid the foundation for extensive research in Norway and elsewhere. Poinsettia mosaic virus (PnMV) is a RNA virus that belongs to the family Tymoviridae. Infection of poinsettia plants with PnMV results in mosaic symptoms during parts of the growing season and decrease the commercial value of this ornamental plant. Thus, growers are interested in the potential benefits of growing PnMV-free poinsettias. PnMV-free poinsettia plants can be obtained by heat treatment or in vitro culture of apical meristems, which are time-consuming and cost-ineffective methods. There is thus an urgent need for a new approach, like Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, which can overcome these difficulties. We have therefore developed an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation approach for poinsettia. Transgenic poinsettia plants with improved resistance against PnMV by expressing hairpin RNA constructs which targeted various regions of the virus genome were produced. Mechanical inoculation of PnMV and subsequent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) confirmed the PnMV resistance. The siRNA analysis has demonstrated gene silencing mediated resistance. The PnMV resistant transgenic poinsettia lines produced are in the process of being commercialized. Because poinsettia is a non-food, non-feed plant and is not propagated through sexual reproduction, this is likely to be more acceptable even in areas where genetically modified crops are currently not cultivated.
Forfattere
Geir Kjølberg KnudsenSammendrag
apple fruit moth
Forfattere
Torleif Bækken Thrond Haugen Markus Lindholm Karl Jan Aanes Eva Skarbøvik Atle Hauge Bjørn Otto DønnumSammendrag
På basis av eksisterende data samt befaringer er tilstanden av vassdraget samt mulighetene for tiltak innen følgende tre hovedtema vurdert: 1) Kantsoner; 2) Flomdemping; 3) Biotopforbedrende tiltak. Oppdraget er utført for Bærum kommune.
Forfattere
Siv Grete Bjervamoen Hans Geir Eiken Martin E. Smith Henrik Brøseth Paul Aspholm Erling Maartmann Petter Wabakken Ingvild WartiainenSammendrag
DNA-analyse av ekskrement- og hårprøver ble brukt til populasjonsovervåkning av brunbjørn (Ursus arctos) i Sør-Norge. Prøvene ble hovedsakelig samlet inn i Oppland og Hedmark fylke, og totalt ble det analysert 393 ulike prøver i undersøkelsen. Av disse prøvene ble 343 prøver samlet inn i 2007, mens resten var fra 2006. Statens naturoppsyn samlet inn prøver hele sesongen, mens også elgjegere og Høgskolen i Hedmark samlet prøver om høsten. For ekskrementprøvene var det mulig å ekstrahere DNA for videre analyser i 58 % av prøvene, og for hårprøvene i 70 %. For prøvene som gav DNA-utbytte ble det gjennomført genotyping med seks ulike mikrosatellittmarkører (G1D, G10B, UarMU05, UarMu09, UarMU15 og UarMU26) samt en kjønnstest. Prøvene ble analysert i to eller flere replikater for hver markør. DNA-analysen av ekskrementer, hår og vev samlet inn i 2007 påviste 60 ulike individer, med en klar overvekt av hanner (93 %). De fire hunnbjørner som ble påvist i 2007 var fra et lite geografisk område nær grensen til Sverige (Trysil). Rapporten inneholder også en oversikt med genetiske profiler for felte bjørner i 2007 (n=12), samt en oversikt over ulike bjørner påvist med DNA-analyser i Norge i løpet av to år (2006 og 2007) med organisert innsamling av prøvemateriale (n=126).