Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2008
Forfattere
Vidar Selås Ronny Steen Sverre Kobro Terje Lislevand Ingvar StenbergSammendrag
In Norway, a positive relationship between spring numbers of lesser spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos minor) and previous June temperatures has been interpreted as an effect of temperatures on woodpecker survival and reproduction during the breeding season. This article considers the possibility that woodpecker numbers are related to the abundance of the moth Argyresthia goedartella in the current year. Larvae and pupae of A. goedartella are important food for lesser spotted woodpeckers in early spring when few other surface-living invertebrates are available. The occurrence of this moth depends on the flowering of birch (Betula spp.) and alder (Alnus glutinosa), which in turn is influenced by June temperatures in the preceding year. Spring numbers of the lesser spotted woodpecker in two regions of Norway were compared with a trapping index of A. goedartella and weather variables assumed to influence the woodpeckers' breeding success and adult survival. The best multiple regression model included December temperatures and moth indices, supporting the hypothesis of a strong impact of A. goedartella on spring survival. Conservation strategies for the lesser spotted woodpecker should therefore focus not only on minimum areas of deciduous forests with decaying wood, but also on the availability of the moths' host trees, birch and alder.
Forfattere
Grete Lene SerikstadSammendrag
Frøugraset kan reguleres ved hjelp av mange direkte tiltak i økologisk drift. Summen av flere tiltak, både velprøvde i form av radrensing og hypping og bruk av biologisk kunnskap og nyutvikla redskaper kan til sammen holde ugraset nede.
Forfattere
Grete Lene SerikstadSammendrag
Frøugras kan regulereres ved hjelp av mange direkte tiltak i økologisk drift. Summen av flere tiltak, både velprøvde i form av radrensing og hypping og bruk av biologisk kunnskap og nyutvikla redskaper kan til sammen holde ugratet nede. Jordarbeiding i mørke, ugrasharving, flamming, børsting og lukevogn omtales.
Forfattere
Geir Kjølberg Knudsen Maria Bengtsson Sverre Kobro Gunnhild Jaastad Trond Hofsvang Peter WitzgallSammendrag
Apple fruit moth Argyresthia conjugella is a specialist seed predator of rowan Sorbus aucuparia. Large-scale synchronous fluctuation of seed production in rowan (i.e. named masting) drives the apple fruit moth to seek alternative host plants such as apple, during years when rowan berries are not available for oviposition. The role of plant volatile compounds in the attraction of gravid apple fruit moth females is studied in a laboratory wind tunnel. Volatiles from rowan branches with green berries stimulate female moths to fly upwind and to land at the odour source. By contrast, females are not attracted to rowan branches without green berries, and they are not attracted to apple, demonstrating that the chemical stimulus from rowan berries is required for attraction. Attraction to synthetic compounds identified from rowan, anethole and 2-phenyl ethanol confirms the role of plant volatiles in host finding. These two compounds, however, show a discrepant behavioural effect in wind tunnel and field tests. Field traps baited with 2-phenyl ethanol capture female moths but anethole does not produce significant captures. Wind tunnel tests produce the opposite results: moths fly upwind towards the anethole lure, whereas 2-phenyl ethanol is not attractive at all. Wind tunnel attraction to 2-phenyl ethanol is achieved by adding odour from a rowan branch without berries, which is not attractive on its own. This finding demonstrates that interaction with the background odour contributes to the behavioural effect of plant volatile stimuli in the field.
Forfattere
Tor Håkon SivertsenSammendrag
Some ideas connected to the scope of scientific work in agronomy and agro meteorology and the scope of the scientific principle are outlined. Then the concepts of ‘sustainability" and ‘sustainable agriculture" are presented, and the content of different definitions of these concepts is discussed. Especially the idea of sustainability as conservation of important relations is discussed.Then the concept and principle of an allodial farm or free farm, connected to Norwegian law and Norwegian traditions is presented and the history of the present law is briefly outlined. Also traditions for passage of farms from one generation to the next generation in a few other European countries are mentioned. Then the concept of allodial farm is connected to the challenges of global change of Northern Europe, and the existing ideas of commercial agriculture.The following idea is discussed: "The idea of changing the focus in agricultural production from maximizing the crop yield to keeping the ecological system of the farming and the local area sound and in shape". Man is an organism like other organisms. He ought to take care of his surroundings and the other species, to take care of a totality of biological systems on the Earth. Probably no god or gods will take care of him if he does not succeed in doing this. The content of the concepts of adaptation and mitigation connected to global change is also finally mentioned.
Forfattere
Tor Håkon SivertsenSammendrag
An overview of an interpretation of the sicetific principle used in meteorology and agro meterorology is presented.And some implications of this interpretation connected to documentation of quatitative data and models is shortly discussed.
Forfattere
Venche TalgøSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Silja Korhonen-Sande Erlend NybakkSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Arild Andersen Thi Thien An Tran Einar NordhusSammendrag
Innsamling av polyfage Liriomyza-arter i felt i Vietnam ble gjennomført i 50 av Vietnams 62 provinser i 2002-2007. Mer enn 16 800 individer ble identifisert til art. L. sativae var den dominerende arten, og forekom vanlig i alle undesøkte provinser. L. huidobrensis ble funnet i 7 provinser omkring Da Lat. L. trifolii ble funnet i 13 provinser fra Ho Chi Minh City til Hue. L. bryoniae ble funnet i 15 provinser nord for Ho Chi Minh City. L. chinensis ble funnet i 20 provinser over hele landet. Dessuten ble Chromatomyia horticola funnet i 9 provinser fra provinsen Lam Dong og nordover, og L. katoi blir rapportert fra Vietnam for første gang. Sannsynlig videre spredning blir diskutert for de ulike artene.
Forfattere
Arild Andersen An Tran Thi Thien Einar NordhusSammendrag
The present distribution and host plant preferences of the polyphagous pest species Liriomyza sativae, L. huidobrensis, L. trifolii and L. bryoniae within the different provinces of Vietnam is discussed. For each species also the possible further spread within Vietnam is discussed.