Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2020
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Matthias KoeslingSammendrag
Hvordan kan livsløpsanalyser hjelpe å vurdere om og når biler med forbrenningsmotor er bedre eller dårligere for miljøet enn el-biler?
Sammendrag
Rundbelg (også kalt ‘rundskolm’, Anthyllis vulneraria) er en flerårig, inntil 30 cm høy urt i erteblomstfamilien (Fabaceae). Arten har følgende morfologiske kjennetegn
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Juan Hu Yuanyuan Yao Yalin Yang Chenchen Gao Fengli Zhang Rui Xia Chao Ran Zhen Zhang Jihong Liu Clarke Zhigang ZhouSammendrag
Probiotics confer a health benefit on the host and could be used as a good alternative to antibiotics. Probiotics are strain‐specific when exerting their function, so it is necessary to identify them to strain level. In recent years, intra‐species molecular typing and identification methods have developed rapidly, which commonly are used for typing the main pathogenic bacteria and rare for studies on probiotic typing, whilst it is imperative. This article describes molecular typing methods including AFLP, RAPD, PFGE, ribotyping, MLST, rep‐PCR and whole‐genome sequencing to identity some aquatic probiotics approved by the Ministry of Agriculture of China, which are Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Aspergillus, Bacillus, Rhodopseudomonas palustris and Streptococcus thermophilus. In addition, the principles, applications, advantages and disadvantages of these typing methods are also discussed.
Forfattere
Serena Lima Peter Simon Claus Schulze Lisa M. Schüler Ralf Rautenberger Daniela Morales-Sanchez Tamára F. Santos Hugo Pereira João C.S. Varela Francesca Scargiali Rene Hubertus Wijffels Viswanath KironSammendrag
As the periodic emission of light pulses by light emitting diodes (LEDs) is known to stimulate growth or induce high value biocompounds in microalgae, this flashing light regime was tested on growth and biochemical composition of the microalgae Nannochloropsis gaditana, Koliella antarctica and Tetraselmis chui. At low flashing light frequencies (e.g., 5 and 50 Hz, Duty cycle = 0.05), a strain-dependent growth inhibition and an accumulation of protein, polyunsaturated fatty acids, chlorophyll or carotenoids (lutein, β-carotene, violaxanthin and neoxanthin) was observed. In addition, a 4-day application of low-frequency flashing light to concentrated cultures increased productivities of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and specific carotenoids up to three-fold compared to continuous or high frequency flashing light (500 Hz, Duty cycle = 0.05). Therefore, applying low-frequency flashing light as finishing step in industrial production can increase protein, polyunsaturated fatty acids or pigment contents in biomass, leading to high-value algal products.
Sammendrag
Formålet med dette prosjektet var å samanlikne investeringsbehov og dekningsbidrag (DB) ved utedrift og konvensjonell innedrift, begge med kombinert produksjon. Samanlikningane er baserte på kalkylar. Investeringsbehov er knytt til eit produksjonsomfang nær konsesjonsgrensa for svin. Investeringsbehovet ved utedrift er kalkulert til 10 prosent av investeringsbehovet i driftsbygning for innedrift, 1,5 millionar kroner mot ca. 15 millionar kroner. DB per årspurke er kalkulert til kr 23 354 for konvensjonell innedrift og kr 6 701 for utedrift i basisalternativet. Betydeleg færre slaktegrisar per årspurke ved utedrift er den viktigaste årsaka til skilnaden. Større fôrforbruk per purke og per kg slaktevekt er den nest viktigaste faktoren. Alternativ verdi av arealet som utegrisane nyttar, og større kostnader til strø (halm) betyr mindre. Omrekna til kg kjøt produsert er kapitalkostnaden kr 5,30 større for innegris enn innegris. Skilnaden i DB per årspurke svarar til kr 10,17 per kg kjøt i disfavør av utedrift. Nettoskilnaden er såleis nær kr 5 per kg kjøt for heile perioden. Mange av føresetnadene er usikre, og det er vist korleis endring av føresetnaden vil påverke resultatet. Ein del faktorar som kan vere viktige, er drøfta kort, men ikkje kvantifiserte. Det er heller ikkje vurdert kva klima og jordmonn som høver best for utedrift.
Forfattere
Shiori Koga Heidi Udnes Aamot Anne Kjersti Uhlen Till Seehusen Eva Veiseth-Kent Ingerd Skow Hofgaard Anette Moldestad Ulrike BöckerSammendrag
This study aims to understand the environmental factors, focusing on rain and fungal infection, affecting the assembly of glutenin polymers during grain maturation. Spring wheat was grown in the field and grains were sampled from 50% grain moisture until maturity. Grain moisture content, protein content, size of glutenin polymers, the presence of proteases, and the amount of DNA from common wheat pathogenic fungi were analysed. Rain influenced the rate of grain desiccation that occurred parallel to the rate of glutenin polymer assembly. Rapid desiccation contributed to faster glutenin polymer assembly than gradual desiccation. Severe reduction in the glutenin polymer size coincided with increased grain moisture due to rain. Furthermore, increased fungal DNA followed by presence of gluten-degrading proteases was observed in the grain after humid conditions. The presence of gluten-degrading proteases was presumably involved in reducing the size of glutenin polymers in grain. Our study gave new insight into how environmental conditions could be associated with the assembly of glutenin polymers during grain maturation. The results suggest that rain and/or fungal proteases play an important role in reducing the molecular size of glutenin polymers.
Forfattere
Aurita Butkeviciute Mindaugas Liaudanskas Darius Kviklys Dalia Gelvonauskiene Valdimaras JanulisSammendrag
As the interest in heirloom cultivars of apple trees, their fruit, and processed products is growing worldwide, studies of the qualitative and quantitative composition of biological compounds are important for the evaluation of the quality and nutritional properties of the apples. Studies on the variations in the chemical composition of phenolic compounds characterized by a versatile biological effect are important when researching the genetic heritage of the heirloom cultivars in order to increase the cultivation of such cultivars in orchards. A variation in the qualitative and quantitative composition of phenolic compounds was found in apple samples of cultivars included in the Lithuanian collection of genetic resources. By the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method flavan-3-ols (procyanidin B1, procyanidin B2, procyanidin C2, (+)-catechin and (−)-epicatechin), flavonols (rutin, hyperoside, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, reynoutrin and avicularin), chlorogenic acids and phloridzin were identified and quantified in fruit samples of heirloom apple cultivars grown in Lithuania. The highest sum of the identified phenolic compounds (3.82 ± 0.53 mg/g) was found in apple fruit samples of the ‘Koštelė’ cultivar