Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2019
Forfattere
Raghuram Badmi Yupeng Zhang Torstein Tengs May Bente Brurberg Paal Krokene Carl Gunnar Fossdal Timo Hytönen Tage ThorstensenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Erlend Indergaard Mette Thomsen Pia Heltoft Thomsen Belachew Asalf Tadesse Berit Nordskog Kristina Norne Widell Tom Ståle Nordtvedt Torgeir Tajet Hanne LarsenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Erlend Indergård Mette Thomsen Pia Heltoft Thomsen Belachew Asalf Tadesse Berit Nordskog Kristina Norne Widell Tom Ståle Nordtvedt Torgeir Tajet Hanne LarsenSammendrag
After harvesting, the Norwegian root vegetables are normally stored at refrigerated temperatures for 5 to 7 months. During this period, up to 30% of the products are lost. The goal is to reduce the diseases, the product loss and energy consumption, in addition to increase shelf-life and storage period. Twenty-eight commercial root vegetable cold-stores were instrumented to measure air temperature, relative humidity and product temperature. The study was done over two years. The cold-stores were located in four different regions of Norway. The three focus-products carrot, swede and celeriac were harvested from one field in each region in open wire nets. The nets were placed in the various cold-stores in the respective regions and put in the wooden bins together with the producer's own products. The quality and yield of the products were determined and correlated to the storage condition. The various storage condition negatively affects the respiration and quality of the root vegetables, storage-life, and influence on the cooling capacity of the refrigeration systems.
Forfattere
Hege Divon Lise Bøe Martha Tveit Sonja KlemsdalSammendrag
Fusarium langsethiae is one of the common Fusarium species infecting small grain cereals in the Nordic region and the UK. It is usually described as a weak pathogen, and with a strong preference for oats, although no studies have yet addressed the explanations for this at the microscopic level. Using microscope techniques we have studied the early steps of colonization of oat and wheat grain by F. langsethiae particularly addressing the role of pollen in the infection process and the fungal ability to penetrate plant cell wall. The aim was to better understand its non-aggressive colonization picture and why oat is preferred over wheat as a host. Spray inoculated oat and wheat plants were scored for fungal progression at 3, 6, 10 and 14 days post inoculation (dpi) using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fungal hyphae entered the grain at the apex, or along the sides in the overlapping zone between palea wings and lemma, then spread basipetally and laterally, with a clear directional growth towards the caryopsis. Hyphal growth was clearly aided by the presence of pollen. On oat proliferating hyphae developed a variety of penetration structures on all internal surfaces. F. langsethiae infection on wheat progressed along the same routes, however slower and overall with less hyphal mass. Interestingly, hyphae closely associated to the wheat caryopsis seemed to undergo degradation, and profuse conidiation was observed at 14 dpi. Explanations for the differences in F. langsethiae colonization of oat versus wheat are suggested in light of the results.
Sammendrag
Grøntanlegg kan spille en viktig rolle som infiltrasjonsareal i lokal overvannsdisponering. Med Modifisert Philip-Dunne infiltrometer ble det ble dokumentert infiltrasjonsevne mellom <0,5-83 cm/time på naturlig jord i parken rundt Norges miljø og biovitenskapelige universitet (NMBU-parken) og på Landvik forskningsstasjon, tilhørende Norsk institutt for bioøkonomi (NIBIO). Nitti prosent av målepunktene i NMBU-parken lå under 20 cm/time. I konstruert jord (USGA-profil (USGA, 2018)) på Landvik forskningsstasjon var infiltrasjons- kapasiteten mellom 32-107 cm/time. Infiltrasjonsevnen i samme punkt over tid (høst- og vintersesong 2017) ble målt i NMBU parken. Generelt var det først en økende infiltrasjons- evne, men etterhvert dannet det seg et islag på bunnen inne i infiltrometeret, men ikke utenfor. Dette tyder på at de gjentatte målingene påvirker jorden og ikke gjenspeiler den naturlige utviklingen. Basert på våre analyser bør en ha minst 1 målepunkt per 600 m2 for å få et godt estimat av den lokale infiltrasjonsevnen.
Forfattere
Venche Talgø Inger Sundheim Fløistad Martin Pettersson May Bente Brurberg C. Lilleåsen H. R. Bye Ø. M Edvardsen Guro BrodalSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Jan Magnusson Stephanie Eisner Shaochun Huang Cristian Lussana Giulia Mazzotti Richard Essery Tuomo Saloranta Stein BeldringSammendrag
Climate models show that global warming will disproportionately influence high‐latitude regions and indicate drastic changes in, among others, seasonal snow cover. However, current continental and global simulations covering these regions are often run at coarse grid resolutions, potentially introducing large errors in computed fluxes and states. To quantify some of these errors, we have assessed the sensitivity of an energy‐balance snow model to changes in grid resolution using a multiparametrization framework for the spatial domain of mainland Norway. The framework has allowed us to systematically test how different parametrizations, describing a set of processes, influence the discrepancy, here termed the scale error, between the coarser (5 to 50‐km) and finest (1‐km) resolution. The simulations were set up such that liquid and solid precipitation was identical between the different resolutions, and differences between the simulations arise mainly during the ablation period. The analysis presented in this study focuses on evaluating the scale error for several variables relevant for hydrological and land surface modelling, such as snow water equivalent and turbulent heat exchanges. The analysis reveals that the choice of method for routing liquid water through the snowpack influences the scale error most for snow water equivalent, followed by the type of parametrizations used for computing turbulent heat fluxes and albedo. For turbulent heat exchanges, the scale error is mainly influenced by model assumptions related to atmospheric stability. Finally, regions with strong meteorological and topographic variability show larger scale errors than more homogenous regions.
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Lars T. HavstadSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag