Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2015
Forfattere
Sigridur Dalmannsdottir Marit Jørgensen Marcin Rapacz Liv Østrem Arild Larsen Odd Arne RognliSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Sigridur Dalmannsdottir Marcin Rapacz Marit Jørgensen Liv Østrem Arild Larsen Rolf Rødven Odd Arne RognliSammendrag
The expected temperature rise in late summer/early autumn can change the conditions for acclimation and affect the winter survival of perennial crops. This study examined the effect of the temperature just before the onset of cold acclimation (pre-acclimation) on freezing tolerance of timothy (Phleum pratense L.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) populations (both cultivars and breeding populations) adapted to either northern or southern parts of Norway. Using phytotron experiments, we studied whether increasing pre-acclimation temperature delays growth cessation, affects photoacclimation and reduces freezing tolerance. Furthermore, we assessed whether these effects were related to the latitudinal adaptation of the plant material. The results showed that a rise in pre-acclimation temperature decreased both cold acclimation capacity and photoacclimation in these species. This affected the freezing tolerance, which was reduced significantly more in northern-adapted population of timothy and perennial ryegrass compared with southern-adapted populations. Red clover was less affected by temperature changes than the grasses.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
The objective of this pilot study was to compare resource use in a mountainous summer farming landscape between old and modern dairy cow breeds during a five-day period. The modern breed used a larger part of the landscape than the old breed, most likely due to differences in habitat patterns. The old breed group preferred semi-natural pastures, while the modern breed preferred overgrown semi-natural meadows, intermediate fen, intermediate wooded fen, and grass-rich sub-alpine birch woodland. Both breeds spent most time grazing grasses, but the modern breed showed a higher frequency of grasses and Vaccinium myrtillus in its diet, while the old breed showed a higher frequency of bushes and trees. The pilot study shows some trends supplementing and strengthening earlier results on how modern and traditional cattle breeds are differing in their impact on vegetation based on their use of space and their different diets.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Katarzyna Dabrowska – Zielinska Piotr Goliński Marit Jørgensen Jørgen A.B. Mølmann Gregory Taff Monika Tomaszewska Barbara Golińska Maria Budzynska Martyna GatkowskaSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Phytoestrogens have structures similar to endogenous steroids and may induce or inhibit the response of hormone receptors. The objectives of the present study were to compare the effects of long-term vs. short-term grassland management in organic and conventional dairy production systems, compare organic and conventional production systems and assess seasonal variation on phytoestrogen concentrations in bulk-tank milk. The concentrations of phytoestrogens were analyzed in bulk-tank milk sampled three times in two subsequent years from 28 dairy farms: Fourteen organic (ORG) dairy farms with either short-term or long-term grassland management were paired with 14 conventional (CON)farms with respect to grassland management. Grassland management varied in terms of time since establishment. Short-term grassland management (SG) was defined as establishment or reseeding every fourth year or more often, and long-term grassland management (LG) was defined as less frequent establishment or reseeding. The proportion of red clover (Trifolium pretense L.) in the herbage was positively correlated with milk concentrations of the mammalian isoflavone equol. Therefore, organically produced bulk-tank milk contained more equol than conventionally produced milk, and milk from ORG-SG farms had more equol than milk from ORG-LG farms. Milk produced during the indoor-feeding periods had more equol than milk produced during the outdoor feeding period, because pastures contained less red clover than fields intended for silage production. Organically produced milk had also higher concentrations of the mammalian lignan enterolactone, but in contrast to equol, concentrations increased in the outdoor-feeding periods compared to the indoor-feeding periods. There were no indications of ertility problems on ORG-SG farms who had the highest red clover proportions in the herbage. This study shows that Production system, grassland management, and season affect milk concentrations of phytoestrogens. However, compared to soy products, milk concentrations of phytoestrogens are low and future studies are required to investigate if the intake of phytoestrogens from dairy products has physiological effects in humans.
Sammendrag
Rapporten gir en beskrivelse av et beiteområde en verdifull kystlyngheilokalitet. Beskrivelsen av vegetasjon og naturtypeutforminger tar utgangspunktet i kartleggingen fra 2009 og ble supplert under befaringen i 2015. Skjøtselsplandelen er utarbeidet i 2015. Anbefalte skjøtselstiltak er helårsbeite med GNS og rydding av kratt og lauvoppslag. Røsslyngbestanden er i god tilstand slik at det ikke er behov for lyngsviing de nærmeste 5 år. Dersom sitkagran skulle spre seg fra plantefeltene bør smågrana fjernes omgående.
Sammendrag
Rapporten gir en beskrivelse av kystlyngheilokaliteten på Røssøya i Lurøy kommune, og anbefalt skjøtsel av kystlyngheia. Beskrivelsen av vegetasjon og naturtypeutformingene baserer seg på kartlegging sommeren 2013. Skjøtselsplandelen er utarbeidet i 2015. Skjøtselsplanen anbefaler tiltak for skjøtsel i form av beiting med både NKS og GNS. Røsslyngbestanden er stort sett i god hevd men lyngsviing kan testes ut jfr. vedlagt sviplan. Videre spredning av sitkagran i lokaliteten skal unngås og eksisterende oppvekst skal fjernes. Lauvoppslag skal ikke øke og bør fjernes manuelt.
Sammendrag
Rapporten gir en beskrivelse av kystlyngheilokalitetene på Svinøya, Ytre og Indre Bessværøyan, Lamøya og Gårdsøya i Rødøy kommune, og anbefalt skjøtsel av kystlyngheia. Beskrivelsen av vegetasjon og naturtypeutformingene baserer seg på kartlegging sommeren 2013 unntatt Gårdsøya som har blitt kartlagt i 2015. Kystlyngheia består stort sett av fattige utforminger med varierende fuktighetsgrad. Røsslyng og krekling er mengdearter. Skjøtselsplandelen er utarbeidet i 2015. Den anbefaler tiltak for skjøtsel i form av beiting med spælsau. Store deler av Bessværet har blitt svidd de siste årene og tilstanden til røsslyngbestanden er stort sett god. Derfor er svibehovet begrenset fram til en revidering av skjøtselsplanen om ca. 5 år.