Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2022
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
The preservation of the functionality of forest soil is a key aspect in planning mechanized harvesting operations. Therefore, knowledge and information about stand and soil characteristics are vital to the planning process. In this respect, depth-to-water (DTW) maps were reviewed with regard to their potential use as a prediction tool for wheel ruts. To test the applicability of open source DTW maps for prediction of rutting, the ground surface conditions of 20 clear-cut sites were recorded post harvesting, using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). In total, 80 km of machine tracks were categorized by the severity of occurring rut-formations to investigate whether: i) operators intuitively avoid areas with low DTW values, ii) a correlation exists between decreasing DTW values and increasing rut severity, and iii) DTW maps can serve as reliable decision-making tool in minimizing the environmental effects of big machinery deployment. While the machine operators did not have access to these predictions (DTW maps) during the operations, there was no visual evidence that driving through these areas was actively avoided, resulting in a higher density of severe rutting within areas with DTW values <1 m. A logistic regression analysis confirmed that the probability of severe rutting rapidly increases with decreasing DTW values. However, significant differences between sites exist which might be attributed to a series of other factors such as soil type, weather conditions, number of passes and load capacity. Monitoring these factors is hence highly recommended in any further follow-up studies on soil trafficability.
Sammendrag
SiTree is a flexible, cross-platform, open-source framework for individual-tree simulators intended to facilitate accurate and flexible analyses of forest growth and yield, or more generally forest dynamics simulations. SiTree provides generic functionality to build customized individual-tree simulators using additional user-written code. In the forestry literature there are a wide variety of individual models that describe the different parts of forest growth and dynamics and new models are continuously developed and published. The aim of SiTree is to provide a broad community of R-users within forestry with an easily adaptable individual-tree simulator framework and an easily accessible tool for testing and combining new and existing models describing parts of forest growth dynamics.
Forfattere
Erling Johan Solberg Vebjørn Veiberg Olav Strand Brage Bremset Hansen Christer Moe Rolandsen Roy Andersen Morten Heim Mai Irene Solem Frode Holmstrøm Aksel Granhus Rune Eriksen Siri Wølneberg BøthunSammendrag
Beitetilbud, beitetrykk, bestandsovervåking, elg, hjort, hjortevilt, hjorteviltforvaltning, Norge, rådyr, villrein, Browse abundance, Browsing pressure, Moose, Norway, Population monitoring, Red deer, Reindeer, Roe deer, Ungulate management
Forfattere
Anne Catriona Mehlhoop Bram Van Moorter Christer Moe Rolandsen Dagmar Hagen Aksel Granhus Rune Eriksen Thor Harald Ringsby Erling Johan SolbergSammendrag
Like large carnivores, hunters both kill and scare ungulates, and thus might indirectly affect plant performance through trophic cascades. In this study, we hypothesized that intensive hunting and enduring fear of humans have caused moose and other forest ungulates to partly avoid areas near human infrastructure (perceived hunting risk), with positive cascading effects on recruitment of trees. Using data from the Norwegian forest inventory, we found decreasing browsing pressure and increasing tree recruitment in areas close to roads and houses, where ungulates are more likely to encounter humans. However, although browsing and recruitment were negatively related, reduced browsing was only responsible for a small proportion of the higher tree recruitment near human infrastructure. We suggest that the apparently weak cascading effect occurs because the recorded browsing pressure only partly reflects the long-term browsing intensity close to humans. Accordingly, tree recruitment was also related to the density of small trees 5–10 years earlier, which was higher close to human infrastructure. Hence, if small tree density is a product of the browsing pressure in the past, the cascading effect is probably stronger than our estimates suggest. Reduced browsing near roads and houses is most in line with risk avoidance driven by fear of humans (behaviorally mediated), and not because of excessive hunting and local reduction in ungulate density (density mediated).
Sammendrag
NIBIO har taksert elgbeite over ca. 3000 daa i Murudalen og Gausdal Vestfjell 2021 og 2022. Bjørk, vier, einer og furu var det eneste buskbeitet av betydning. Furu utgjorde kun rundt 5% av beitetrærne, selv i furudominerte Murudalen. Særlig flaene (= terrenget over ca. 900 m.o.h.) i Gausdal var rik på beitetrær. Dalsidene derimot hadde få beitetrær, men til gjengjeld om lag dobbel så høy dekning av feltsjikt med høy verdi for elg. Særlig bringebær hadde lokalt høyt oppslag, og bidrar til at dalsidene er godt sommerbeite, selv med få beitetrær. Det tradisjonelle elgtrekket om høsten fra lavt til høyt terreng i Gausdal, og fra Gausdal til Murudalen, fremstår som en naturlig følge av hvordan vinter- og sommerbeite er fordelt i landskapet. Vi har beregnet at ernæringsmessig bæreevne er maks 0.9 elg/km2 (vinterbestand etter jakt) i Murudalen, 1.6 elg/km2 på flaene i Gausdal og kun 0.4 elg/km2 i dalsidene av Gausdal, mot 1.0 elg/km2 generelt i Sør-Norge. Beitepresset (andel beita skudd) tilsier at vinterbestanden siste 5-10 år har vært rundt den maksimale bæreevnen. Det er viktigst å følge skuddproduksjon og beitepress på bjørk i disse områdene, hvor furu eller ROS (rogn, osp, selje) i dag utgjør lite av beitet. Taksten omfattet delvis 11 kommuner. Resultatene er representative også for nærliggende areal med samme naturgrunnlag og beitepress som et av delområdene i taksten.
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Johannes Breidenbach David Ellison Hans Petersson Kari T. Korhonen Helena M. Henttonen Jörgen Wallerman Jonas Fridman Terje Gobakken Rasmus Astrup Erik NæssetSammendrag
Key message: Using satellite-based maps, Ceccherini et al. (Nature 583:72-77, 2020) report abruptly increasing harvested area estimates in several EU countries beginning in 2015. Using more than 120,000 National Forest Inventory observations to analyze the satellite-based map, we show that it is not harvested area but the map’s ability to detect harvested areas that abruptly increases after 2015 in Finland and Sweden. Keywords: Global Forest Watch, Landsat, Remote sensing, National Forest Inventory, Greenhouse Gas Inventory
Forfattere
Ishita Ahuja Inger Sundheim Fløistad Per Grande Øyvind Meland Edvardsen Adam O’Toole Arne SteffenremSammendrag
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