Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Christophe Moni Eva Farkas Claire Coutris Hanna Marika Silvennoinen Anders Aas Marit Almvik Liang Wang Kathinka Lang Liu Xingang Marianne StenrødSammendrag
Biochar and pesticides are likely to be increasingly used in combination in agricultural soils, yet their combined effects on climate change mitigation remain unexplored. This study presents an 8-month incubation experiment with different soil types (silt loam and sandy loam), biochars (corncob and corn stem), and pesticides (with and without a pesticide mixture), during which CO2 production from soil organic matter (SOM) and biochar mineralisation was monitored using isotopic methods. A comprehensive modelling approach, describing all mineralisation results over the entire incubation with a reduced set of parameters, was employed to isolate the effects of biochar, pesticides, and their interactions across soil types and carbon pools, and captured the dynamic effect of biochar on SOM mineralisation. Over 99.5% of biochars remained inert after 8 months, confirming the role of biochar as a carbon sequestration technology. Biochar addition showed higher SOM stabilisation potential in soil with high clay content compared to soil with low clay content. This suggests that biochar amendment should be considered carefully in clay-depleted soils, as it could result in a loss of native SOM. Corn stem biochar, characterised by high surface area and low C/N ratio, demonstrated higher SOM stabilisation potential than corncob biochar with low surface area and high C/N ratio. Pesticide application reduced SOM mineralisation by 10% regardless of soil and biochar types. Finally, the interaction between corncob biochar and pesticides further reduced SOM mineralisation by 5%, while no interactive effect was observed with corn stem biochar. These findings highlight the importance of considering biochar-pesticide interactions when evaluating the impact of biochar amendments on native SOM stability.
Forfattere
Claire CoutrisSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Marianne BechmannSammendrag
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Forfattere
Marianne BechmannSammendrag
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Forfattere
Marianne BechmannSammendrag
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Forfattere
Chi Wu Yuzhu Wang Jihong Liu Clarke Hang Su Liang Wang Olga A. Glazunova Konstantin V. Moiseenko Lan Zhang Liangang Mao Lizhen Zhu Xingang LiuSammendrag
Owing to wide application and persistence, fluridone has demonstrated side-effects on non-target plants and aquatic organisms. This study investigated the potential of biochar as remediation in soil using rice hull biochar (BCR) produced at different temperatures and in four types of soil. The results indicated that, with increasing pyrolytic temperature from 300 to 700 ºC, biochar properties changed, for example, specific surface area values increased from 38.21 to 126.12 m2 g−1. Sorption affinity (Kf) of BCR ranged from 409 to 1352 and 1301 to 6666 (μg/g)/(mg/L)n for fluridone and its metabolite fluridone acid respectively. After amendment with 2% BCR500, fluridone and fluridone acid could easily be adsorbed in different types of soils, and Kf values were 1.30–3.73 times higher than those in pure soil. Half-lives values varied between different soils and fluridone acid (179–306 days) persisted significantly longer than fluridone (39–179 days) in soil. After amendment with 2% BCR500, fluridone and fluridone acid were degraded faster. Experiments under sterilized conditions demonstrated biodegradation to be the dominant process in unamended (61.59%–64.70%) and amended (67.71%–77.67%) soil. Bioinformatic analysis showed that fluridone reduced the diversity of the soil microbial community, but the abundance of microorganisms with degradation function increased and these became dominant species after BCR was added, particularly with higher numbers of degrading bacteria like Lysobacter, Pseudonocardia and Sphingomonas. Co-occurrences also revealed that BCR tightened bacterial connection and relieved fluridone stress. This work helps us better understand these processes and optimize the application of biochar for reducing pesticide contamination in agricultural soils.