Carl Frisk
Forsker
(+47) 413 82 953
carl.frisk@nibio.no
Sted
Særheim
Besøksadresse
Postvegen 213, NO-4353 Klepp stasjon
Biografi
Carl Frisk er forsker ved NIBIO. Forskningsinteressene hans er sentrert rundt planteøkologi, biologisk mangfold og botanikk med spesielle interesser inkludert gressfenologi, pollen og byøkologi. Han har bred erfaring og ferdigheter innen kvantitativ økologi, statistisk modellering og fjernanalyse. Han er glad i krydret mat og vil gjerne besøke en redwoodskog i fremtiden.
Forfattere
Sven Emil Hinderaker Linn Vassvik Synnøve Grenne Elin Blütecher Kristin Daugstad Carl Frisk Mie Prik Arnberg Thomas Holm CarlsenSammendrag
NIBIO har kartlagt naturtyper og arter i tre verneområder i Innlandet etter kartleggingsmetodikken Natur i Norge (NiN). Rapporten oppsummerer og utdyper kartleggingens kartobjekter og egenskapsdata som har blitt registrert og rapportert via NiNapp, samt artsfunn. Rapporten inneholder generelle faglige vurderinger, eventuelle observerte forvaltningsrelevante problemstillinger, praktiske utfordringer i felt, eventuell usikkerhet knyttet til kartleggingsenheter og viser noen utvalgte bilder for verneområdene.
Sammendrag
Green roofs provide vital functions within the urban ecosystem, from supporting biodiversity, to sustainable climate-positive ESS provisioning. However, how plant communities should best be designed to reach these objectives, and how specific green roof systems vary in their capacity to support these functions is not well understood. Here we compiled data on plant traits and plant–insect interaction networks of a regional calcareous grassland species pool to explore how designed plant communities could be optimised to contribute to ecological functionality for predefined green roof solutions. Five distinct systems with practical functionality and physical constraints were designed, plant communities modelled using object-based optimization algorithms and evaluated using five ecological functionality metrics (incl. phylogenetic and structural diversity). Our system plant communities supported a range of plant–insect interactions on green roofs, but not all species were equally beneficial, resulting in wide-ranging essentiality and redundancy in ecological processes. Floral traits were not predictive of pollinator preferences, but phylogeny was observed to govern the preferences. Large differences in ecological functionality can be expected between green roofs depending on system design and the extent of the plant community composition. Multifunctionality covariance diverged between systems, suggesting that ecological functionality is not inherently universal but dependent on structural limitations and species pool interactions. We conclude that informed system design has a potential to simultaneously support ecosystem services and urban biodiversity conservation by optimising green roof plant communities to provide landscape resources for pollinating insects and herbivores.
Sammendrag
Seasonal pollen allergy is a major public health concern, with many different pollen aeroallergens being present in the atmosphere at varying levels during the season. In Norway, information about spatiotemporal variation of pollen aeroallergens is currently lacking, leading to reduced ability to manage and treat seasonal allergies. Seven pollen aeroallergens (alder, hazel, willow, birch, pine, grass and mugwort) were monitored daily for 16 years from 12 regions and coalesced to create regional pollen calendars. Seasonal statistics, such as seasonal pollen integral (SPIn), onset, duration and periods of high and very high concentrations, were calculated for all pollen types and regions. High days were further modelled with SPIn in a linear regression framework to investigate the connection between the strength of the season and number of days above high pollen thresholds. The tree pollen season occurred between January and mid-July, with the pollen aeroallergens birch and pine being the most prominent in all regions. The herb pollen season was observed to occur between June and mid-August, although mugwort was almost completely absent. The grass pollen season was mostly mild on average but more severe in some regions, primarily Kristiansand. South-east regions of Oslo, Kristiansand and Lillehammer had the overall highest pollen load, while northern regions of Bodø, Tromsø and Kirkenes had the overall lowest pollen loads. SPIn and days above high pollen thresholds had positive highly significant relationships (R2 > 0.85) for all pollen types, bar mugwort. Regional pollen calendars and seasonal statistics contribute to reliable information that can be used by medical professionals to effectively and timely manage and treat seasonal pollen allergies in Norway. Further research is needed to determine sensitization profiles of pine and willow.