Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2006
Forfattere
Anne Falk Øgaard Tore KrogstadSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Zero-valent iron improves the transformation of DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane] and its metabolites in aged and highly contaminated lake sediment under biotic conditions. The addition of Feº has a strong effect on transformation rates at 22 ºC and 9 ºC, the most enhanced degradation being obtained for DDT and DDOH [2,2-bis(pchlorophenyl) ethanol]. At 22 ºC and 10 weeks´incubation, the DDT concentration is reduced from 2.75 lmol g-1 (974 mg kg-1) to 0.98 lmol g-1 (346 mg kg-1) and 1.98 lmol g-1 (702 mg kg-1) in samples with and without the addition of iron, respectively. After 40 weeks` incubation these concentrations have further decreased to 0.19 lmol g-1 (66 mg kg -1) and 0.74 lmol g-1 (264 mg kg-1).There is no significant transformation of any of the compounds at 9 ºC without the addition of Feº. In the presence of iron, however, DDT is reduced to 1.25 lmol g-1 (442 mg kg-1) within 40 weeks´ incubation. This study demonstrates the ability of adapted microorganisms to transform DDT under elevated temperatures in original, aged sediments, and also the stimulating effect of zero-valent iron, which is significant even at low temperatures.
Sammendrag
In the Nordic countries several composting plants for source separated organic household waste (SSOW) experience problems with slow degradation of organic matter and stagnation of temperature around 45-50ºC in early phases of the composting process. The process problems have been connected to high content of organic acids and domination of fermenting organisms in the waste. To break the domination of fermenting organisms, measures must be taken to develop an aerob, thermophilic bacteria population. We have studied how lime addition and adjustment of the SSOW:bulking agent (BA)-ratio influence the development of thermophilic conditions and high-rate respiration in SSOW-based composting.
Sammendrag
In the Nordic countries several composting plants for source separated organic household waste (SSOW) have experiences problems with establishment of high-rate respiration processes. The problems with start-up of the high-rate composting phase can be related to sensitivity of the thermophilic microflora to low pH in the composting material. Low pH is caused by high content of organic acids produced by fermenting microorganisms in the waste. In our studies we investigated the effect of different ratio of SSOW mixed with bulking agent in the development of short organic acid content and the shift from a fermentative to aerobic bacteria population during composting.
Sammendrag
Effects of composting on survival and reproduction of the potato cyst nematode (PCN) Globodera rostochiensis were investigated in 150-liter pilot scale reactors. Small bags containing cysts of PCN were incubated in organic waste and composted for 8, 15 or 29 days. Temperatures in the areas close to the cyst bags were monitored. Survival, measured by hatching, was reduced by 99.9% already after 8 days of composting and at 29 days no hatching was recorded. A few eggs, however, still hatched after being composted for 15 days and exposed to temperatures higher than 60°C for several days. Maximal temperatures and thermal exposure time as such could not explain the hatching pattern of PCN, so other factors are likely to be involved in causing lethality. PCN failed to reproduce after 8 days of composting with temperatures reaching a minimum of 50°C during the period. Hence, eight days of composting where all material have reached a temperature of minimum 50°C during the period, could be regarded as a satisfactory method for sanitation of PCN.
Forfattere
Erik J. JonerSammendrag
Fytoremediering er en kostnadseffektiv og miljøvennlig teknologi til opprensning av forurenset jord og vann ved hjelp av planter. Ulike anvendelser benytter seg av planters evne til absorpsjon og nedbryting, eller synergistiske effekter der samspill med mikroorganismer inngår. Potensialet for fytoremediering i Norge er stort og ubenyttet.
Forfattere
Trine Eggen Lars Petter Myhre Rolf Arne Kleiv Carl Amundsen Maria Thornhill N. O. Kitterød Atle Nævdal Stig Westerlund Roald SørheimSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag