Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2011
Forfattere
Aksel Bernhoft Monica Sanden Åshild Kristine Andreassen Rose Vikse Per Brandtzæg Merethe Aasmo Finne Trond Gifstad Askild Lorentz Holck Olavi Junttila Heidi Sjursen Konestabo Richard Meadow Arne Mikalsen Kaare Magne Nielsen Hilde-Gunn Opsahl Sorteberg Audun Helge NerlandSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Audun Helge Nerland Per Brandtzæg Merethe Aasmo Finne Askild Lorentz Holck Olavi Junttila Heidi Sjursen Konestabo Richard Meadow Arne Mikalsen Kaare Magne Nielsen Hilde-Gunn Opsahl Sorteberg Rose Vikse Åshild Kristine AndreassenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Aksel Bernhoft Monica Sanden Åshild Kristine Andreassen Rose Vikse Per Brandtzæg Merethe Aasmo Finne Tron Øystein Gifstad Askild Lorentz Holck Olavi Junttila Heidi Sjursen Konestabo Richard Meadow Arne Mikalsen Kaare Magne Nielsen Hilde-Gunn Opsahl Sorteberg Audun Helge NerlandSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Aksel Bernhoft Monica Sanden Åshild Kristine Andreassen Rose Vikse Per Brandtzæg Merethe Aasmo Finne Askild Lorentz Holck Olavi Junttila Richard Meadow Arne Mikalsen Kaare Magne Nielsen Hilde-Gunn Opsahl Sorteberg Audun Helge NerlandSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
In this report, the oral and poster contributions of the scientific conference “Forest Management and Silviculture in the North – Balancing Future Needs” have been compiled. The conference was arranged 6-8 September 2011 in Stjørdal, Norway, gathering more than 50 delegates from seven countries. The conference was hosted by the Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute and was initiated jointly by IUFRO WP 1.01.01 Boreal forest silviculture and management and the SNS network group Sustainable forest management in northern Fennoscandia (NORFOR).
Forfattere
Trond RafossSammendrag
ClimaRice II is exploring the potential for use of mobile technologies in the context of climate change adaptation in agriculture. Modern mobile telephone technology is a key component of the ongoing communication revolution which in turn has great potentials for social change and development. The Indian telecommunication industry is the world's fastest growing industry with 811.59 million mobile phone subscribers as of March 2011. Most farmers are already using mobile phones for various day to day needs, but the technology has a wider potential in supporting their main profession; agriculture. Linking mobile technology with adaptation measures developed in ClimaRice projects could form new and powerful measures to meet the threats from climate change and provide support in sustaining rice production.
Forfattere
Yngve RekdalSammendrag
Vegetasjonskart gjev eit bilete av den mosaikken av vegetasjonstypar som det naturlege plantedekket består av. Ein vegetasjonstype er ei karakteristisk samling planteartar som vil gå att på lokalitetar med like veksetilhøve. Ei oversikt over utbreiinga av vegetasjonstypar gjev oss på denne måten informasjon også om variasjonen i økologiske faktorar (klima, næring og vatn i jorda, snødekke og kulturpåverknad) i eit område. I tillegg kan kvar vegetasjonstype tilleggast eigenskapar med omsyn til ulik ressursutnytting og bruk (beite, slitestyrke for ferdsel, artsmangfald m.m.). Skog og landskap har laga vegetasjonskart over beiteområdet til Hanestadkjølen sausankelag i Rendalen kommune. Området er 67 km² i landareal og 3 km² vatn. Viktigaste målsettinga med kartlegginga er å lage eit grunnlag for planlegging av beitebruk i området. Kartlegginga er gjort etter Skog og landskap sin instruks for vegetasjonskartlegging i M 1:20 000 - 50 000...
Forfattere
grete h m jørgensen K. M. BøeSammendrag
Housing of horses in Norway - an overview Grete H.M. Jørgensen1 and Knut E. Bøe2 1Bioforsk, National Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research, Tjøtta Norway2Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, UMB, ås Norway Corresponding author: +47 40 76 67 69 e-mail grete.jorgensen@bioforsk.no Similar to the National regulations for cattle, poultry and pigs the Norwegian regulation for the welfare of horses also states that horse owners should facilitate social contact for their horses. Nevertheless, it is quite common that horses are kept individually or even isolated from others throughout the year. Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases are an increasing problem in the horse population and bad air quality in stables may contribute largely to this disease. Stables with fewer than ten horses do not have to register with the National Food Safety Authorities, and a public register of stables is not available. The aim of this study was therefore to provide an overview of the current management and living conditions for trotting horses in Norway. We wanted to focus both on the outdoor and indoor environment and investigate which ventilation systems that are commonly used in stable buildings. With help from the National Trotting Association (DNT) we sent out a questionnaire to members of their local branches in order to ensure answers from all areas of Norway. In each local branch we selected four to five stables after the following criteria: one small stable with 1-2 horses, to or three medium sized stables with 3-10 horses and the largest stable in that area. The questionnaire consisted of 32 questions divided into four subcategories: management, stable environment, ventilation and outdoor areas and paddocks. 275 (61%) of the 442 initial questionnaires were returned. Seven of these were however disregarded due to incomplete answers. The results were therefore finally based on 268 stables, 38 small stables (1-2 horses), 164 medium sized stables (3-10 horses) and 60 large stables (>10 horses). The data included over 2400 horses. More than half of the stable buildings had earlier been used for other purposes (56.4%). The majority of the stable buildings were insulated (83.6%), while a few had non-insulated stables (10.1%) or shelters with three walls and a roof (1.1%). Most stables had mechanical ventilation with a fan (49.6%), while 38.4% indicated that their stable had natural ventilation. Among the stable owners that indicated having natural ventilation in the stable, only 23.1% (8.9% of all stables) had non-insulated buildings and ventilation through adjustable openings, while 76.9% (29.8%) had insulated buildings and ensured airflow through opening doors and windows. A total lack of ventilation was indicated by 4.9% of the stable owners while 0.4% did not know what type of ventilation the stable had. In addition to this, 2.6% of the stable owners had most of their horses in 24 hour loose housing outdoors with open shelters and a ventilation system was therefore not necessary. Individual housing in boxes indoors dominated (84% of all stables), while very few horses were kept in outdoor boxes (1.1%). Other housing methods were tie-stalls 1.5%), 24 hour loose housing outdoors (3.4%), both tie-stalls and individual boxes (6.0%) and tie-stalls or boxes combined with group housing or several horses in the same box (1.1%). Six of the 38 small stables had only one horse which consequently was kept alone, while 34% of the small stables kept their horses in separate paddocks. Only 15% of the medium sized stables kept the horses in individual paddocks and 80.4% kept two or more horses together during turn-out. Ninety percent of the large stables indicated that they allowed two or more horses to share paddocks during turn-out. In conclusion, Norwegian trotting horses are mainly housed in individual boxes indoors and many stables have a ventilation system that does not work properly. Most trotting horses have access to a paddock or pasture on a daily basis. Housing and management of horses in other disciplines should also be investigated.
Sammendrag
We used two datasets of 14C analyses of archived soil samples to study carbon turnover in O horizons from spruce dominated old-growth stands on well-drained podzols in Scandinavia. The main data set was obtained from archived samples from the National Forest Soil Inventory in Sweden and represents a climatic gradient in temperature. Composite samples from 1966, 1972, 1983 and 2000 from four different regions in a latitude gradient ranging from 57 to 67º N were analysed for 14C content. Along this gradient the C stock in the O horizon ranges from 2.1 kg m-2 in the north to 3.7 kg m-2 in the southwest. The other data set contains 14C analyses from 1986, 1987, 1991, 1996 and 2004 from the O horizons in Birkenes, Norway. Mean residence times (MRT) were calculated using a two compartment model, with a litter decomposition compartment using mass loss data from the literature for the threefirst years of decomposition and a humus decomposition compartment with a fitted constant turnover rate. We hypothesized that the climatic gradient would result in different C turnover in different parts of the country between northern and southern Sweden. The use of archived soil samples was very valuable for constraining the MRT calculations, which showed that there were differences between the regions. Longest MRT was found in the northernmost region (41 years), with decreasing residence times through the middle (36 years) and central Sweden (28 years), then again increasing in the southwestern region (40 years). The size of the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool in the O horizon was mainly related to differences in litter input and to a lesser degree to MRT. Because N deposition leads both to larger litter input and to longer MRT, we suggest that N deposition contributes significantly to the latitudinal SOC gradient in Scandinavia, with approximately twice as much SOC in the O horizon in the south compared to the north. The data from Birkenes was in good agreement with the Swedish dataset with MRT estimated to 34 years.
Forfattere
Thomas Alfoeldi Urs Gantner Mette Vaarst (Eds.) Bo Algers Phillipa Nicholas Elisabeth Gratzer Britt I.F. Henriksen Cecilie Mejdell Berit Hansen Becky Whay Michael Walkenhorst Gidi Smolders Silvia Ivemeyer M Hassing Stephen Roderick (Eds.) Christine Leeb Christoph Winckler Elisabeth Stöger Jan Brinkmann Johann Huber Solveig March Lindsay WhistanceSammendrag
The process of minimising medicine use through dialogue based animal health and welfare planning. Livestock are important in many organic farming systems, and it is an explicit goal to ensure high levels of animal health and welfare (AHW) through good management. In two previous EU network projects, NAHWOA & SAFO, it was concluded that this is not guaranteed merely by following organic standards. Both networks recommended implementation of individual animal health plans to stimulate organic farmers to improve AHW. These plans should include a systematic evaluation of AHW and be implemented through dialogue with each farmer in order to identify goals and plan improvements. 11 research institutions in 7 European countries have been involved in the ANIPLAN project with the main objective to minimise medicine use in organic dairy herds through active and well planned AHW promotion and disease prevention. The project consisted of 5 work packages, 4 of which comprised research activities building on current research projects, new applications across borders, exchange of knowledge, results and conclusions between participating countries, and adopting them to widely different contexts. International and national workshops have facilitated this exchange. In the project, animal health and welfare planning principles for organic dairy farms under diverse conditions were developed. Animal health and welfare assessments, based on the WelfareQuality parameters, were conducted in different types of organic dairy herds across Europe. Finally, guidelines for communication about animal health and welfare promotion in different settings were also developed relevant to both existing animal health advisory services or farmer groups such as the Danish Stable School system and the Dutch network program. These proceedings contain the presentations at the final workshop, which also included invited external guests. The proceedings also contain three reports which are deliverables of the project. They are focused on the process of planning for better animal health and welfare, and how farmers and facilitators manage this situation. The focus areas are animal health planning, AHW assessment using animal based parameters and development of advisory systems and farmer groups.