Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2020
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
Skoleprosjektet “Phenology of the North Calotte” (PNC) startet opp i 2001, og er et prosjektsamarbeid som omfatter ungdomsskoler og naturvitenskaplige forsknings-institusjoner i Norge og Russland. Prosjektet ledes av NIBIO sammen med de russiske statlige naturreservatene «Kandalaksha» og «Pasvik». Hovedmål-setningen i prosjektet er å øke kompetansen og interessen for naturfag i skolen, samt å stimulere til kontakt mellom norske og russiske lærere og elever.
Forfattere
Lars Sandved DalenSammendrag
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Forfattere
Oskar PuschmannSammendrag
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Forfattere
Valborg KvakkestadSammendrag
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Forfattere
Oskar PuschmannSammendrag
Om Rørosmuseets 40-års jubileumsutstilling: "Verdensarv i endring" + NIBIO refotografering i UNESCO Røros Bergstad og Circumferensen verdensarv sommeren 2020 som grunnlag for utstillingen.
Forfattere
Paul Eric Aspholm Kristin Forfang Cornelya Klutsch Ida Marie Bardalen Fløystad Vilde Rushfeldt Beddari Inger Søvik Beate Banken Bakke Tommi Nyman Snorre HagenSammendrag
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Forfattere
Liv Østrem Tor LunnanSammendrag
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Sammendrag
Agricultural practices to improve yields in small‐scale farms in Africa usually focus on improving growing conditions for the crops by applying fertilizers, irrigation, and/or pesticides. This may, however, have limited effect on yield if the availability of effective pollinators is too low. In this study, we established an experiment to test whether soil fertility, soil moisture, and/or pollination was limiting watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) yields in Northern Tanzania. We subjected the experimental field to common farming practices while we treated selected plants with extrafertilizer applications, increased irrigation and/or extra pollination in a three‐way factorial experiment. One week before harvest, we assessed yield from each plant, quantified as the number of mature fruits and their weights. We also assessed fruit shape since this may affect the market price. For the first fruit ripening on each plant, we also assessed sugar content (brix) and flesh color as measures of fruit quality for human consumption. Extra pollination significantly increased the probability of a plant producing a second fruit of a size the farmer could sell at the market, and also the fruit sugar content, whereas additional fertilizer applications or increased irrigation did not improve yields. In addition, we did not find significant effects of increased fertilizer or watering on fruit sugar, weight, or color. We concluded that, insufficient pollination is limiting watermelon yields in our experiment and we suggest that this may be a common situation in sub‐Saharan Africa. It is therefore critically important that small‐scale farmers understand the role of pollinators and understand their importance for agricultural production. Agricultural policies to improve yields in developing countries should therefore also include measures to improve pollination services by giving education and advisory services to farmers on how to develop pollinator‐friendly habitats in agricultural landscapes.
Sammendrag
Several scientific groups have concluded that the use of biochar as an on-farm management tool for carbon sequestration should be further investigated. Review articles also pinpoint the use of biochar to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the entire agricultural production, and this should be studied using whole-chain models. Biochar is added to animal diets with the main purpose of enhancing animal health. There are indications that biochar fed to ruminants may reduce enteric methane emission. Twenty-four ewe lambs were fed one of two diets, a control diet (no biochar) and a biochar diet (1.4% biochar). There were no differences in dry matter intake and average daily growth rate between animals. An expected reduction in enteric methane emissions from animals fed the biochar diet was not detected. We conclude that the effect on enteric methane emissions may depend on structure and properties of the biochar offered. We suggest further research on biomass and pyrolysis of biochar to accommodate several properties as a feed additive for farm animals.