Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2005
Forfattere
Christian E. MongSammendrag
The strategy for genetic conservation in Norway aims to manage existing adaptions and thus secure each species\" ability to adapt to environmental change and to evolve. The main aims of this report are three-fold:register the regeneration of lime/linden Tilia cordata Miller in three regions of Southern Norwayidentify factors influencing regenerationsuggest means to secure a sustainable management of this species. A total of 27 sites were studied in the eastern, southern, and western regions of South-Norway. Environmental variables were sampled from 217 genets of lime. The topography was categorised, shoots (shorter than 137 cm above grond) counted, and the diameters of all stems (taller than 137 cm) measured. A search was made for seedlings at every site.Of the adult limes, 53% were rooted in ground sloping more than 30 in topography classified as scree or precipice. There was a positive assosiation between clonal regeneration, expressed as number of stems per genet, and steep terrain. The populations of lime in Southern Norway may thus be the survivors after more extensive forests 5-6000 years before present.By looking at frequencies of stems per diameter class, after an approach by Leak (1965), one may evaluate population dynamics based on data collected from one season only. According to this approach the populations for all three regions are evaluated as stable or growing in the sense that the density of stems per genet may be increasing.Only 11 seedlings of lime were found. These were all found in the climatically warmest parts of the country, in southern Vest Agder and inner parts of Oslofjorden. Most of them had established in dense vegetation on relatively level ground. Hence, different factors may govern sexual and clonal regeneration - and steep terrain does not seem to be a part of the regeneration niche of seedlings.A series of studies from Great Britain demonstrate that lack of sexual regeneration in lime is attributable to low temperatures. Fruits collected in northern England and Scotland are unfertilise because the pollen tube does not grow into the stigma in the prevailing climate of that region.Many parts of South-Norway have comparable temperatures during the flowering season of lime. Based on fruit collections from three years in Sogn og Fjordane, in 1994, 1995, and 2004, there is evidence that at least some years fertilisation takes place and some embryos develop. Still, temperature is the most plausible factor that may limit the sexual regeneration of lime in South-Norway - many of the embryos have not ripened properly, indicating a too short growing season.The importance of this factor should be further studied by germination experiments. In addition to germination tests, mapping of genetic variation both at the within and at the between stand level of lime is recommended to ensure a sustainable management can be given to lime in Norway.
Forfattere
Ketil KohmannSammendrag
Utbredelse og klimakrav for de ulike arter og litt om egenskaper.
Forfattere
Vegard GundersenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Magne SætersdalSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Line HoemSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Halvor SolheimSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Erlend Ystrøm Haartveit Line HoemSammendrag
Mergers and acquisitions have lead to an increase in company size for manufacturers as well as for distributors and retailers of structural lumber. The effect of this mutual dependency in customer-supplier relationships increases, opening for opportunities to search for efficiency improvements across company borders.This article report the findings from a case study involving a major lumber manufacturing corporation in Norway and its largest customer, a vertically integrated distributor and home improvement retailer. In particular, the order process extending from identification of demand at the retail store to fulfilment of demand was comprehensively mapped, and possible areas for improved efficiency in the supply chain were identified.Using this approach, simple solutions for process improvement are commonly found, simply because individual actors rarely focus on optimising the complete supply chain, but rather sub-optimise a small fraction of the chain.The article also discusses some of the problems encountered when developing measures of performance intended to monitor and improve the process across company borders. Creating measures for monitoring performance is technically and methodologically difficult when dealing with several actors in a complex system using different business systems. The challenge greatly increases when the actors business objectives and philosophies are traditionally conflicting.
Forfattere
Toril Drabløs Eldhuset Petter NilsenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Karl Hilding Thunes R.F. Billings Lawrence R. KirkendallSammendrag
De pågående masseangrep av Dendroctonus spp. startet mer eller mindre synkront i alle sentralamerikanske land sent i 1998 og tidlig i 1999; epidemien har hittil ødelagt flere hundre tusen hektar furuskog i Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras og Nicaragua, og i et mindre omfang El Salvador. Til tross for at landene er små, er naboer og har den samme insektfienden er samarbeid over landegrensene omtrent fraværende. Hele skadebildet og omfanget er også en direkte trusselmot det sterkt truete furu-eik økosystemet i regionen. Et felles regime for forvaltning av furuskogene og deres skadegjørere bør bli utviklet for fremtiden, men koordinert aksjon for å stoppe billene blir forhindret av forskjeller i styrke, kapasitetog mandat hos de forvaltende institusjoner i hvert land. Likevel, omfanget og alvoret i den pågående epidemien har resultert i flere bilaterale og regionale initiativer, og lagt grunnen for formelle, langvarige regionale samarbeidsprogrammer i forvaltningen av denne viktige biologiske ressursen.