Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2024
Forfattere
Helle Ross Gobakken Mostafa Hoseini Stephan Hoffmann Jan Bjerketvedt Johannes Rahlf Rasmus AstrupSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Point clouds from laser scanning are a standard data source in forest research, but the lack of clear and robust workflows has limited the translation of experimental knowledge into operational tools. We present a novel machine learning-based workflow that uses individual-tree point clouds from drone laser scanning to predict wood quality parameters. Unlike object reconstruction methods, our approach is based on simple metrics computed on vertical slices that summarize information of point distances, angles, and geometric attributes of the empty space between and around the points. Our models use these slice metrics as predictors and achieve high accuracy for predicting diameter of the largest branch per whorl (DLBw) and stem diameter at different heights (DSi) from survey-grade drone laser scans. We show that our models are also robust and accurate when tested on suboptimal versions of the data generated by reductions in the number of points or emulations of suboptimal segmentation scenarios. Our approach provides a simple, clear, and scalable solution that can be adapted to different situations and has the potential to revolutionize forest management and monitoring
Sammendrag
Climate change poses significant challenges to forests, increasing the occurrence and severity of disturbances such as windthrows, wildfires, pests, and diseases. Effective decision-making tools are crucial for mitigating forest damages and enhancing resilience under changing climatic conditions. We explore the role of forest decision support systems (DSS) in addressing these challenges and present their potential in mitigating future climate-induced damages to forests. We examine the key challenges associated with integrating disturbances and their interactions into decision support systems, using as motivating example the decision support systems for the high-resolution Norwegian forest resources map SR16.
Forfattere
Mats Hoem OlsenSammendrag
This comparative study examines the efficacy of three established models for predicting soil temperatures at depths of 10cm and 20cm across four Norwegian regions: Innlandet, Østfold, Vestfold, and Trøndelag. To ensure comprehensive regional representation, four monitoring stations were strategically placed within each region. Utilizing data from \acrshort{ac:nibio}, including hourly air temperature at 2m and soil temperatures at 10cm and 20cm depths, the study evaluated seven models cited in existing literature. These models included Linear Regression, Plauborg’s Linear Regression for daily and hourly values, LSTM, bidirectional LSTM, GRU, and bidirectional GRU. The findings revealed improved performance of bidirectional models over unidirectional ones and comparable results between the hourly extension and Plauborg’s original daily model. Notably, deep learning models exhibited a dual-mode operation to adapt to the transitional Autumn/Spring and stable Summer periods. It was found that the bidirectional models performed the best and that bidirectional LSTM worked best for 10 cm soil temperature while Bidirectional GRu worked best for 20 cm soil temperature. It was also found that the inclusion of time in regression models improved the models predictive capabilities. The author of this current study advocates for further research into bidirectional models and suggests broadening the feature set beyond two variables to capture additional predictive variations.
Sammendrag
Med en besetning som inneholder alle de bevaringsverdige, norske storferasene bygges nå nye hus på setra i Finndalen, hvor neste generasjon er i ferd med å ta over. – Det er mange utfordringer – både fysiske og økonomiske – ja, mange ting man må ta stilling til. Men det gjør det også spennende, sier familien Gubhage.
Sammendrag
Historien om Arne Brimi og dølafeet, og hvordan den globale gastronomien springer ut av lokale mattradisjoner, startet allerede rundt årtusenskiftet, da norske mesterkokker fikk smake kalvekjøtt av dølafe servert på Fossheim Hotell i Lom.
Sammendrag
Hva det er som får folk til å bygge noe så smått, selge alle tingene sine og flytte inn i et mikrohus?
Forfattere
Kari Straume EnerstadSammendrag
The climate is changing, and people and goods are crossing country borders more than ever. As a result, the number of alien plant species have increased worldwide, and it does not seem to be slowing down. This makes it even more important to find effective and sustainable management approaches to preserve the native species and habitats from the challenges invasive alien species may bring. This thesis explores the topic of alien plant species in the cultural landscape and how climate change and globalization impact the spread and establishment of these plants. The aim of the thesis is to identify the impacts climate change and globalization have on alien species and learn how they are managed. Additionally, investigate if discovered, alternative approaches could be applicable to the Norwegian management approaches on various levels of government. The thesis investigates how Norway manages alien plant species and explores the roles of national, regional and local government through theory and interviews. Three other nations are also studied, England, South Africa and Canada, to create a greater understanding of the variations in management and to compare the different approaches. The study found large variations in the municipal management approaches, limited collaboration between the stakeholders and decreased funding. A lack of knowledge and awareness among the public was also discovered. These factors collectively make managing alien plants difficult. Enhancing collaboration among national, regional and local management levels, alongside strengthening public awareness, has the potential to increase resources and enhance the effectiveness of management strategies.
Forfattere
Ingvild Alseth MolandSammendrag
This thesis explores an urbanized area in Norway, which is an important area for migratory birds both nationally and globally, through a case analysis. Together with knowledge base, the case analysis is used to develop some important measures for wader bird friendly urban landscapes. Urbanization and downsizing of nature put biodiversity under pressure, and many species are fighting for their survival. Bird populations are declining worldwide, and the species that are mostly affected by urbanization are often the species with special habitat requirements. In Europe, ground nesting birds experience a larger decline compared to other bird species. Wader birds are in rapid population decline and are therefore of conservation concern across Europe. Globally there are about 209 species of wader birds, and in Norway there are around 70 species registered. Population decline has been observed in several species of waders, and about 50 % of the waders in Norway are appearing on the Norwegian red list for species. Management decisions have the potential to influence important nesting and feeding habitats and protect wader birds in urban areas. Still, the wader birds have received a limited amount of attention and research in Norway. Fornebu, in Bærum municipality, is characterized as one of the most species rich localisations in Norway. Fornebu has gone through dramatic land use changes, transforming from an initial farming area to the primary airport of Norway, to a large housing project for business, housing, and recreation. The housing project is Northern Europe’s largest housing project and has affected the nature values through the construction of roads, housing, park-like landscapes, and increased human disturbance. The transformation has changed the natural landscape leading to a reduction of bird habitats. A document analysis reveals the municipality’s plans for future development of the landscape, and stakeholders’ perspectives on facilitating the landscape, through measures that might affect wader birds. The measures that emerge as most important is: to preserve the shoreline, restore wetlands, establish ponds, take care of meadows, facilitate edges with native vegetation, establish suitable habitats on green roofs, facilitate paths and signs for education amongst people, and facilitate protection against predators. The measures can help to protect and enhance the abundance of wader birds in urbanization processes and already urbanized landscapes and can help to raise awareness and promote education to citizens. The measures will also affect other species and can enhance the overall resilience of an urban environment.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag