Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2022
Forfattere
Rodney N. Nagoshi Georg Goergen Djima Koffi Komi Agboka Anani Kossi Mawuko Adjevi Hannalene Du Plessis Johnnie Van den Berg Ghislain T. Tepa-Yotto Jeannette K. Winsou Robert L. Meagher Thierry BrévaultSammendrag
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) is native to the Americas and a major pest of corn and several other crops of economic importance. The species has characteristics that make it of particular concern as an invasive pest, including broad host range, long-distance migration behavior, and a propensity for field-evolved pesticide resistance. The discovery of fall armyworm in western Africa in 2016 was followed by what was apparently a remarkably rapid spread throughout sub-Saharan Africa by 2018, causing economic damage estimated in the tens of billions USD and threatening the food security of the continent. Understanding the history of the fall armyworm invasion of Africa and the genetic composition of the African populations is critical to assessing the risk posed to different crop types, the development of effective mitigation strategies, and to make Africa less vulnerable to future invasions of migratory moth pests. This paper tested and expanded on previous studies by combining data from 22 sub-Saharan nations during the period from 2016 to 2019. The results support initial descriptions of the fall armyworm invasion, including the near absence of the strain that prefers rice, millet, and pasture grasses, while providing additional evidence that the magnitude and extent of FAW natural migration on the continent is more limited than expected. The results also show that a second entry of fall armyworm likely occurred in western Africa from a source different than that of the original introduction. These findings indicate that western Africa continues to be at high risk of future introductions of FAW, which could complicate mitigation efforts.
Forfattere
Arne BardalenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Arne BardalenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Norsk genressurssenter har, i samarbeid med Norsk Sau og Geit, raselag og avlsbesetninger, kartlagt forekomsten av blant annet finnegenvarianten hos rygjasau, steigarsau, grå trøndersau og gammelnorsk spælsau. I tillegg har vi sett på genetiske distanser mellom norske saueraser.
Forfattere
Katja Karppinen Charlotte Bour Muhammad Furqan Ashraf Hilary Edema Amos Samkumar Rajan Premkumar Teemu H. Teeri Kirsten Krause Laura JaakolaSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Septoria nodorum blotch (SNB), caused by the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Parastagonospora nodorum, is the dominant leaf blotch pathogen of wheat in Norway. Resistance/susceptibility to SNB is a quantitatively inherited trait, which can be partly explained by the interactions between wheat sensitivity loci (Snn) and corresponding P. nodorum necrotrophic effectors (NEs). Two Nordic wheat association mapping panels were assessed for SNB resistance in the field over three to four years: a spring wheat and a winter wheat panel (n = 296 and 102, respectively). Genome-wide association studies found consistent SNB resistance associated with quantitative trait loci (QTL) on eleven wheat chromosomes, and ten of those QTL were common in the spring and winter wheat panels. One robust QTL on the short arm of chromosome 2A, QSnb.nmbu-2AS, was significantly detected in both the winter and spring wheat panels. For winter wheat, using the four years of SNB field severity data in combination with five years of historical data, the effect of QSnb.nmbu-2AS was confirmed in seven of the nine years, while for spring wheat, the effect was confirmed for all tested years including the historical data from 2014 to 2015. However, lines containing the resistant haplotype are rare in both Nordic spring (4.0%) and winter wheat cultivars (15.7%), indicating the potential of integrating this QTL in SNB resistance breeding programs. In addition, clear and significant additive effects were observed by stacking resistant alleles of the detected QTL, suggesting that marker-assisted selection can greatly facilitate SNB resistance breeding.
Forfattere
Mari Mette TollefsrudSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Rapporten beskriver hvordan potensialet for gras- og kornproduksjon fordeler seg innenfor fylkene Innlandet og Trøndelag. En overordnet vurdering av tilskuddssonene er at de i all hovedsak er godt tilpasset forskjellene i egnethet for korn- og grasdyrking. Forholdene for korndyrking bestemmes av klimatiske, geologiske og topografiske forhold, og det kan være variasjon innen ganske korte avstan-der. Potensialet for grasproduksjon er jevnere fordelt. Enkelte områder innenfor tilskuddssoner hvor korn er prioritert har imidlertid dårlige forutsetninger for kornproduksjon. Det vil ikke uten videre være enkelt å endre denne situasjonen hvis det samtidig er et mål å opprettholde en gradert til-skuddsordning som understøtter kanaliseringspolitikken. Rapporten beskriver fire alternativer som kan vurderes. Det hefter utfordringer ved alle alternativene.
Forfattere
Ulrike BayrSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag