Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2006
Authors
Espen HauglandAbstract
Presentasjon av prosjektet arktisk lammekjøtt - konkurransefortrinn i nasjonale og internasjonale markeder, planer og framdrift
Authors
Ragnar Eltun Thor Johannes Rogneby Hanne HombAbstract
Fôrvikker og havre er aktuelle vekster i grønngjødslingsblandinger for å gi rask dekking og god konkurranse mot ugraset. Perserkløver og legesteinskløver ser ikke ut til å ha spesielle fordeler framfor rødkløver. Raigras fanger opp en del nitrogen om høsten, men det ble ikke funnet noen langtidseffekt av dette. Grønngjødslingsveksten gav god avling av etterfølgende korn, men artssammensetningen var ikke avgjørende for forgrødeeffekten. Forsøkene gav således ikke noe klart svar på hvilke blandinger som gir best forgrødeeffekt, men ut fra en helhetsvurdering kan en anbefale følgende vekster i en grønngjødselblanding til korn: havre, fôrvikker, rødkløver og raigras.
Authors
Tor Lunnan Jørgen TodnemAbstract
Naturenger kan ha stor artsrikdom og den botaniske samansetnaden rettar seg etter klima, jordsmonn og drift. Fjellbygdene på Austlandet har ein god del natureng knytt til stølsdrift i fjellet. Mange stader er denne engtypen truga, først og fremst på grunn av manglande drift og attgroing, men også pløying og sterkare gjødsling kan føre til redusert artsrikdom.
Abstract
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Authors
Arne StensvandAbstract
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Abstract
In the traditional EIA procedure environmental vulnerability is only considered to a minor extent in the early stages when project alternatives are worked out. In Norway, an alternative approach to EIA, an integrated vulnerability model (IVM), emphasising environmental vulnerability and alternatives development in the early stages of EIA, has been tried out in a few pilot cases. This paper examines the content and use of the vulnerability concept in the IVM approach, and discusses the concept in an EIA context. The vulnerability concept is best suited to overview analyses and large scale spatial considerations. The concept is particularly useful in the early stages of EIA when alternatives are designed and screened. By introducing analyses of environmental vulnerability at the start of the EIA process, the environment can be a more decisive issue for the creation of project alternatives as well as improving the basis for scoping. Vulnerability and value aspects should be considered as separate dimensions. There is a need to operate with a specification between general and specific vulnerability. The concept of environmental vulnerability has proven useful in a wide range of disciplines. Different disciplines have different lengths of experience regarding vulnerability. In disciplines such as landscape planning and hydrogeology we find elements suitable as cornerstones in the further development of an interdisciplinary methodology. Further development of vulnerability criteria in different disciplines and increased public involvement in the early stages of EIA are recommended.
Abstract
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Authors
R. M. Bajracharya S. Sharma B. M. Dahal B. K. Sitaula Alhaji JengAbstract
The concept of soil quality, first proposed in the 1970"s, involves a soil"s capacity to function within an ecosystem to sustain plant and animal productivity, maintain and enhance air and water quality, and to support human health and habitation. It is a useful tool for assessing the overall soil condition and response to management, or resilience towards natural and human degradative forces. Soil quality may be inferred from various soiul indices, such as, chemical or biological attributes that reflect its condition and response. While physical and chemical attributes are well established, they are usually costly to determine and require specialized equipmentto measure. Biological indices, like abundance, biomass, and diversity of micro-, meso-, amd macro-fauna, can be determined relatively rapidly and at minimal cost. It has the added advantage of being integrative over a long timeframe and holistically considers overall quality or status of the soil as influenced by multiple stressors. Thus, this preliminary study attempted to evaluate soil quality both by physiochemical parameters and using biological (soil meso- and macro-fauna) indices, and correlate as well as compare the outcomes using both methods, for different land uses in a mid-hill watershed of central Nepal.
Authors
Roshan M. Bajracharya Subodh Sharma Bed Mani Dahal Bishal K. Sitaula Alhaji JengAbstract
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Authors
Aldo Marchetto Rosario Mosello Gabriele A. Tartari John Derome Kirsti Derome Pia Sorsa Nils König Nicholas Clarke Erwin Ulrich Anna KowalskaAbstract
Working Ring Test (WRT) was organised in the framework of the EU Regulation (EC) No 2152/2003 (`Forest Focus`) and of the UN/ECE Program `ICP Forests` in order to evaluate the overall performance of the laboratories monitoring atmospheric deposition and soil solution in European Forests, and to verify the improvement in the analytical quality as the results of the QA/QC work carried out in the laboratories which participated to a previous WRT. Seven natural samples of atmospheric deposition and soil solutions and 5 synthetic solutions were distributed to 52 laboratories, which analysed them using their routine method for the following variables: pH, conductivity, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, ammonium, sulphate, nitrate, chloride, total alkalinity, phosphate, total dissolved nitrogen, dissolved organic carbon, aluminium, copper, iron, manganese, zinc, total phosphorus, total sulphur and silica. For each variable, a Data Quality Objective was defined, based on the results of the previous WRT, the comparison with the DQOs of other international networks, and the importance of the variable in deposition and soil solution monitoring. It resulted that 38% of the results do not meet the DQO, showing for which variables and in which laboratories improvement in analytical performance is needed. The results of the exercise clearly show that the use of data check procedures, as those described in the ICP Forests manual for sampling and analysis of atmospheric deposition, would make it possible to detect the presence of outliers or results not accurate, and would greatly improve the overall performance of the laboratories. Some analytical methods were found not suitable to the samples used in this WRT, nor to atmospheric deposition samples in European forests, and they include outdated methods, such as turbidimetry or nephelometry for the determination of sulphate, silver nitrate titration and ion selective electrode for chloride, Kjeldahl digestion for the determination of ammonium and organic nitrogen, and colorimetric titrations for alkalinity. A detailed discussion of the analyses of total dissolved nitrogen, dissolved organic carbon and total alkalinity is also provided, as they were the variables for which more analytical difficulty arose. Finally, a comparison between the results of this WRT and those of the previous exercise showed that the analytical performance of the laboratories participating in both WRTs improved as a consequence of the adoption of QA/QC procedures.