Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2016
Forfattere
Nicholas Clarke Hugh Cross Toril Drabløs Eldhuset Kjersti Holt Hanssen Ari Hietala O. Janne Kjønaas Holger Lange Jørn-Frode Nordbakken Tonje Økland Ingvald Røsberg Silje SkårSammendrag
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Sammendrag
Effects of clear-cut harvesting on ground vegetation plant species diversity and their cover are investigated at two Norway spruce sites in southern Norway, differing in climate and topography. Experimental plots at these two sites were either harvested conventionally (stem-only harvesting) or whole trees including crowns, twigs and branches were removed (whole-tree harvesting), leaving residue piles on the ground for some months. We compare the number of plant species in different groups and their cover sums before and after harvesting, and between the different treatments, using non-parametric statistical tests. An overall loss of ground vegetation biodiversity is induced by harvesting and there is a shift in cover of dominant species, with negative effects for bryophytes and dwarf shrubs and an increase of graminoid cover. Differences between the two harvesting methods at both sites were mainly due to the residue piles assembled during whole-tree harvesting and the physical damage made during the harvesting of residues in these piles. The presence of the residue piles had a clear negative impact on both species numbers and cover. Pile residue harvesting on unfrozen and snow-free soil caused more damage to the forest floor in the steep terrain at the western site compared to the eastern site.
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Ørjan Selvik Tor Einar Berg Rune Rautio Alexei BambulyakSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Janka Dibdiakova Liang Wang Henning HornSammendrag
Characterization of biomass ash melting and thermal behavior is crucial to prevent and reduce ash related problems in biomass-fired boilers, In present work, ash melting behaviours of spruce saw dust and bark were investigated by simultaneous thermal analysis (STA), The decomposition stages of sawdust and bark biomass were characterized by four peaks, respectively, The four peaks are the first relatively small one at temperatures about 317-341 °C, a second large peak at 419-451 °C, a small third peak at 860-1000 °C and a small endothermic peak at 1290-1400 °C, DSC curves of bark sample at both heating rates were shifted towards lower temperatures than DSC curves of sawdust fuels, On average, the degradation process starts 5 °C earlier and the second exothermic peaks in both heating rates are found even 20 °C earlier, The remaining residue of bark samples was approximately two times higher than that of sawdust, The ignition temperatures of both spruce and pine bark were slightly shifted to higher temperatures compared to those of spruce and pine sawdust samples, STA experiments of exanimated biomass fuels indicated that their critical melting temperatures lie in the range of 860-1000 °C, The information obtained in this study qualifies the STA method as a suitable and rather simple method for the determination of ash melting and thermal behavior of woody biomass. © 2016 ETA-Florence Renewable Energies.
Forfattere
Pål ThorvaldsenSammendrag
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