Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
Sammendrag
This study describes the development of fusogenic liposomes as a drug delivery system for the hydrophobic antimicrobial peptide micrococcin P1 (MP1). The liposomes were formulated using phospholipids with varying acyl chain lengths, with the goal of improving biofilm eradication. Entrapment of MP1 in liposomes effectively improved its stability in solution, as demonstrated by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry monitoring over a two-month period. Liposomal entrapment lowered the minimum inhibitory concentration of MP1 against several Staphylococcus aureus strains, including clinical isolates, by 4- to 16-folds. Increasing the phospholipid acyl chain length (16-carbon to 20-carbon) in the liposomal composition, resulted not only in an improved entrapment of MP1, but also higher antibiofilm activity. Confocal laser scanning microscopy imaging revealed that the MP1-loaded liposomal effect was likely due to disruption of the biofilm matrix. At a concentration of 0.25 µg/mL, MP1 loaded in 1,2-diarachidoyl-sn‑glycero-3-phosphocholine (DAPC)-based fusogenic liposomes reduced biofilm cell viability by approximately 55 %, compared to only 15 % with free MP1 equivalents. However, the increased liposomal bilayer hydrophobicity via the longer acyl chains compromised the physical stability of the fusogenic liposomes. While MP1-loaded liposomes based on the shorter 16-carbon acyl chain 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn‑glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) remained stable for two months, the DAPC liposomes were only stable for two weeks. The physical stability was improved by increasing the concentration of the cationic phospholipid, 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP), from 25 mol % to 50 mol % in the liposomal composition. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of liposomal systems for delivering hydrophobic peptides like MP1 to Staphylococcus aureus biofilms, offering promise for improving the treatment of biofilm-associated infections.
Sammendrag
Chocolate spot (CS), caused by Botrytis fabae, is one of the most destructive fungaldiseases affecting faba bean (Vicia faba L.) globally. This study evaluated 33 fababean cultivars across two locations and over 2 years to assess genetic resistance andthe effect of fungicide application on CS progression. The utility of unmanned aerialvehicle–mounted multispectral camera for disease monitoring was examined. Signif-icant variability was observed in cultivar susceptibility, with Bolivia exhibiting thehighest level of resistance and Louhi, Sampo, Vire, Merlin, Mistral, and GL Sunriseproving highly susceptible. Fungicide application significantly reduced CS severityand improved yield. Analysis of canopy spectral signatures revealed the near-infraredand red edge bands, along with enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and soil adjustedvegetation index, as most sensitive to CS infection, and they had a strong negativecorrelation with CS severity ranging from −0.51 to −0.71. In addition, EVI enabledearly disease detection in the field. Support vector machine accurately classified CSseverity into four classes (resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible, andsusceptible) based on spectral data with higher accuracy after the onset of diseasecompared to later in the season (accuracy 0.75–0.90). This research underscores thevalue of integrating resistant germplasm, sound agronomic practices, and spectralmonitoring for effectively identification and managing CS disease in faba bean
Forfattere
Martin PetterssonSammendrag
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Konstantin V. Krutovsky Anna A. Popova Igor A. Yakovlev Yulai A. Yanbaev Sergey M. MatveevSammendrag
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Forfattere
Emmanuel O. Anedo Dennis Beesigamukama Benson Mochoge Nicholas K. Korir Solveig Haukeland Xavier Cheseto Moses Nyongesa Patrick Pwaipwai Sevgan Subramanian Abdou Tenkouano Betty Kibaara Chrysantus M. TangaSammendrag
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Forfattere
Linn Fenna Groeneveld Oksana Bekkevold Trond Bergskås Martin Linkogel Cord Luellmann Marit AlmvikSammendrag
Regulatory bodies aim to protect consumers from harmful substances. The use of certain antibiotics is prohibited in food-producing animals in the EU due to their potential detrimental effects on humans. Among these are nitrofuran antibiotics, which degrade rapidly so that their metabolites are used as markers in screening for their illegal use. The use of one metabolite, semicarbazide (SEM), as a marker for detecting the antibiotic nitrofurazone, has been criticized due to the many pathways it can be formed by and its natural occurrence in some food items. A recent change in the reference point of action (RPA) for SEM, as stated in Commission Regulation (EU) 2019/1871, due to a reassessment of sensitivity of the analyses, poses a problem for the export of heather honey in Norway. Norwegian heather honey seems to exceed the lowered RPA in numerous cases. Here we show that Norwegian heather honey samples, but not polyfloral ‘summer’ honey samples from the same hives, contain SEM. The simplest explanation for the demonstrated pattern is a natural source of SEM in heather honey, not the use of a banned antibiotic. Based on our results, we propose that an exception to the EU regulation should be added, exempting heather honey derived from Calluna vulgaris unless other nitrofurans or their metabolites are found together with SEM.
Forfattere
Therese With BergeSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag