Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2017
Sammendrag
I denne rapporten presenteres resultater fra biologisk veiledningsprøving av ugrasmidler i grasmark, engsvingelfrøeng, vår- og høstkorn, såløk, gulrot under plast og på friland, knollselleri, pastinakk, rotpersille og bønne.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Den årlige skogovervåkingen viser at granas kronetilstand har bedret seg betraktelig på Vestlandet og i Midt-Norge etter de omfattende frosttørkeskadene der i 2013 og 2014. Furu hadde generelt lite skader. Det var mer skader på bjørk i 2016 enn i 2015, og både måler- og bjørkerustangrep økte i frekvens, men også abiotiske faktorer hadde stor betydning for bjørkas helsetilstand. Skadeomfanget var størst i Nord-Norge, der særlig gjentatte målerangrep over mange år utgjør et problem for bjørkeskogen. Askeskuddsjuke har i løpet av drøyt 10 år spredt seg gradvis gjennom mesteparten av askas utbredelsesområde i Norge. Overvåkingen viser at skadeutviklingen skjer fort, og særlig de yngste trærne har høy mortalitet. I Nord-Trøndelag og Oppland ble det registrert en økning i fangstverdiene av granbarkbiller i 2017, mens de øvrige fylkene opplevde en liten til moderat nedgang, mye på grunn av en kjølig og nedbørrik sommer.
Forfattere
Merete Wiken Dees Renata Lebecka Juliana Perminow Robert Czajkowski Anna Grupa Agata Motyka Sabina Zoledowska Jadwiga Śliwka Ewa Lojkowska May Bente BrurbergSammendrag
Soft rot and blackleg of potato caused by pectinolytic bacteria lead to severe economic losses in potato production worldwide. To investigate the species composition of bacteria causing soft rot and black leg of potato in Norway and Poland, bacteria were isolated from potato tubers and stems. Forty-one Norwegian strains and 42 Polish strains that formed cavities on pectate medium were selected for potato tuber maceration assays and sequencing of three housekeeping genes (dnaX, icdA and mdh) for species identification and phylogenetic analysis. The distribution of the species causing soft rot and blackleg in Norway and Poland differed: we have demonstrated that mainly P. atrosepticum and P. c. subsp. carotovorum are the causal agents of soft rot and blackleg of potatoes in Norway, while P. wasabiae was identified as one of the most important soft rot pathogens in Poland. In contrast to the other European countries, D. solani seem not to be a major pathogen of potato in Norway and Poland. The Norwegian and Polish P. c. subsp. carotovorum and P. wasabiae strains did not cluster with type strains of the respective species in the phylogenetic analysis, which underlines the taxonomic complexity of the genus Pectobacterium. No correlation between the country of origin and clustering of the strains was observed. All strains tested in this study were able to macerate potato tissue. The ability to macerate potato tissue was significantly greater for the P. c. subsp. carotovorum and Dickeya spp., compared to P. atrosepticum and P. wasabiae.
Sammendrag
The impact of Delphinella shoot blight (Delphinella abietis) and Grovesiella canker (Grovesiella abieticola) on subalpine (Abies lasiocarpa) and corkbark fir (A. lasiocarpa var. arizonica) in a provenance trial in Idaho (ID) was evaluated in 2013. Both pathogens were previously reported from North America on fir species. D. abietis had been found on subalpine fir in USA, but not in ID, and G. abieticola on grand fir (Abies grandis) in ID, but not on subalpine or corkbark fir. D. abietis kills current-year needles and in severe cases buds and shoots, and G. abieticola results in dead shoots and branches and can eventually kill whole trees. Significant differences between provenances in susceptibility to D. abietis and G. abieticola were observed in the provenance trial in ID. In general, subalpine fir was more susceptible to both diseases than corkbark fir. In 2013, D. abietis was also found on subalpine fir in the Puget Sound area of Washington State and G. abieticola was seen on white fir (Abies concolor), but neither disease was detected in native stands of subalpine fir in Washington State. Morphological features of both fungi were described from samples collected in the provenance trial in ID in May 2016.
Forfattere
Alemayehu Getachew Assefa Alemayehu Chala Ingerd Skow Hofgaard May Bente Brurberg Michael Sulyok Anne Marte TronsmoSammendrag
The natural occurrence of fungi, mycotoxins and fungal metabolites was investigated in 100 samples of maize grains collected from south and southwestern Ethiopia in 2015. The maize samples were contaminated by Fusarium, Aspergillus and Penicillium species. Using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry 127 secondary metabolites were analysed. Zearalenone was the most prevalent mycotoxin, occurring in about 96% of the samples. Zearalenone sulfate was the second most prevalent, present in 81% of the samples. Fumonisin B1 was detected in 70% of the samples with a mean level of 606 μg kg−1 in positive samples, while FB2, FB3 and FB4 were detected in 62%, 51% and 60% of the maize samples with mean levels of 202, 136 and 85 μg kg−1, respectively. Up to 8% of the samples were contaminated with aflatoxins, with a maximum level of aflatoxin B1 of 513 μg kg−1. Results were higher than earlier reports for maize from Ethiopia.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
B. M. Kisselstein Lance Cadle-Davidson W. Weldon B. B. Forcelini Natalia A. Peres M. McGrath Belachew Asalf Tadesse Arne Stensvand David M. GadourySammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Igor A. Yakovlev Thomas Solvin Harald Kvaalen Arne Steffenrem Marcos Viejo Carl Gunnar FossdalSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Arne Stensvand Aruppillai Suthaparan Pål Johan From Lars Grimstad Nils Bjugstad Knut Asbjørn Solhaug Hans Ragnard Gislerød Nina Johansen David M. Gadoury Andrew Bierman M ReaSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag