Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2013
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Forfattere
Helge BerglannSammendrag
This paper shows that a simple scheme of non-linear taxes coupled with tradable pollution permits can secure the .rst best outcome even in absence of information about abatement costs. Evidence of the existence of a Pareto optimal Nash equilibrium is given. Di¤erential system theory and stochastic approximation are used to prove that the outcome is globally and locally stable. Equilibrium is reached after repeated play. At each round agents make myopic steps and form local approximations, restricting their attention to one variable at any stage. The same procedure also applies also when stochastic elements are involved.
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Forfattere
Odd Inge Vistad Terje Skjeggedal Helge Berglann Hans Christian Bugge Ann Norderhaug Katrina Rønningen Grete Swensen Hogne ØianSammendrag
Å ta vare på landskap som omfatter både natur- og kulturminnekvaliteter, leve- og næringsområder er spesielt utfordrende. Det nasjonale prosjektet «Utvalgte kulturlandskap i jordbruket», som, i samarbeid med Direktoratet for naturforvaltning og Riksantikvaren blir koordinert av Statens Landbruksforvaltning, er et godt eksempel på en slik oppgave og utfordring. Vi har studert to av i alt 22 områder som er med i dette nasjonale prosjektet. Både verneaspektet (natur, kulturminner og landskap), graden av sosial og næringsmessig aksept blant grunneiere og bønder og den juridiske og økonomiske siden er belyst.
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Forfattere
Bente Kirkhus Aina Lundon Russenes John-erik Haugen Kjell gjermund Vogt Grethe iren andersen Borge Britt HenriksenSammendrag
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential for the production of edible oil from organically grown camelina (Camelina sativa L. Crantz), focusing on the influence of environmental factors on nutritional quality parameters. Field experiments with precrop barley were conducted in Norway in the growing seasons 2007, 2008, and 2009. Trials were fully randomized with two levels of nitrogen (N) fertilization, 0 and 120 kg total N ha − 1, and two levels of sulfur (S) fertilization, 0 and 20 kg total S ha − 1. Weather conditions, that is, temperature and precipitation, were recorded. Additional experiments were performed in the years 2008 and 2009 to evaluate the effects of replacing precrop barley with precrop pea. Seed oil content was measured by near-infrared transmittance, and crude oil compositions of fatty acids, phytosterols, tocopherols, and phospholipids were analyzed by chromatography and mass spectrometry. Results showed significant seasonal variations in seed oil content and oil composition of fatty acids, tocopherols, phytosterols, and phospholipids that to a great extent could be explained by the variations in weather conditions. Furthermore, significant effects of N fertilization were observed. Seed oil content decreased at the highest level of N fertilization, whereas the oil concentrations of α -linolenic acid (18:3n-3), erucic acid (22:1n-9), tocopherols, and campesterol increased. Pea compared to barley as precrop also increased the 18:3n-3 content of oil. S fertilization had little impact on oil composition, but an increase in tocopherols and a decrease in brassicasterol were observed. In conclusion, organically grown camelina seems to be well suited for the production of edible oil. Variations in nutritional quality parameters were generally small, but significantly influenced by season and fertilization.
Forfattere
Karl Henrik Haugholt Matthieu Jean P Lacolle Marion O'Farrell Atle Honne Kari Anne Hestnes Bakke Aina Lundon RussenesSammendrag
A low-cost Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) instrument was developed where the traditional He–Ne reference laser was replaced by a low-cost linear encoder. An RMS sampling error of less than 20 nm was achieved by oversampling both the interferogram and the encoder signal and then resampling the interferogram using a correction table for the encoder. A gas calibration model was developed for the system, which was chosen to have a stroke length of 21 mm and, thereby, a resolution of 0.4 cm −1 after apodization. The instrument was mounted on a vehicle and employed in an agricultural field test for measuring soil emissions, in particular nitrous oxide (N 2 O ). The concentration of N 2 O was measured with a root mean squared error of 6 ppb. The results compared well with lab-based gas chromatography measurements.