Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2007
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
City planners need practical methods to assess and compare the sustainability of different alternatives for urban infrastructure. This article presents the consequences of selecting different methods to normalize the values of sustainability indicators, and the influence of selecting different indicators and different weighting techniques. A nature based sewerage system is compared to a conventional system. The article demonstrates that the method used to normalize the indicators, the choice of relevant indicators and the weighting technique have considerable influence on which system is found to be the most sustainable. By selecting particular indicators, weighting and normalization methods, it is possible to prove that virtually any infrastructure system is more sustainable than any other alternative system. Such a biased approach is difficult to reveal unless the most careful, expert scrutiny is applied. Because of this fact, it is of paramount importance that the consequences of different evaluation methods are discussed and sensitivity analyses are carried out honestly and objectively on the critical parameters. An evaluation process made in this way will enable those parts of the analysis that generate disagreement to be identified, and decisions taken on what is important and unimportant.
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Roald Sørheim John Eirik Paulsen Arild Saasen Jerome Leleux Arnaud Albouy Trond Knapp Haraldsen Per Anker Pedersen Thomas Hartnik Roar LinjordetSammendrag
This paper presents the potential of composting oil wet drill cuttings as a drilling waste disposal option. The potential is substantiated by results from several laboratory and field experiments. Artificially oil wetted drill cuttings were prepared by adding commonly used base oils from Norwegian offshore operations to a representative clay. Degradation of the hydrocarbon components in the oily wet cuttings by vermicomposting was successfully accomplished. The composts were beneficially used as part of growing media for landscape plants; ryegrass, coniferous, and deciduous trees, and the fertilization effect was compared with commercial NPK fertilizers. The plant growth studies showed that the composts produced by treating artificial oily drill cuttings by vermicomposting had considerable fertilizing effect on ryegrass and trees.
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
The substitution of biomass for fossil fuels in energy consumption is a measure to mitigate global warming, as well as having other advantages. Political action plans for increased use exist at both European and national levels. This paper briefly reviews the contents of recommendations, guidelines, and other synthesis publications on sustainable use of forest biomass for energy. Topics are listed and an overview of advantages, disadvantages, and trade-offs between them is given, from the viewpoint of society in general and the forestry and energy sectors in particular. For the Nordic and Baltic countries, the paper also identifies the extent to which wood for energy is included in forest legislation and forest certification standards under the ?Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification? (PEFC) and the ?Forest Stewardship Council? (FSC) schemes. Energy and forest policies at EU and national levels, and European PEFC forest standards are analysed. With respect to energy policies, the utilisation of wood for energy is generally supported in forest policies, but forest legislation is seldom used as a direct tool to encourage the utilisation of wood for energy. Regulations sometimes restrict use for environmental reasons. Forest certification standards include indicators directly related to the utilisation of wood for energy under several criteria, with most occurrences found under environmental criteria. Roles and problems in relation to policy, legislation, certification standards, recommendations and guidelines, and science are discussed.
Forfattere
Knut G Berdal Jihong Liu Clarke Sonja Klemsdal Helge Klungland Casper Linnestad Arne Mikalsen Anne Ingeborg Myhr Audun Helge Nerland Ingolf Nes Kaare Magne Nielsen Hilde-Gunn Opsahl Sorteberg Odd Egil Stabbetorp Vibeke ThraneSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Knut G Berdal Jihong Liu Clarke Sonja Klemsdal Helge Klungland Casper Linnestad Arne Mikalsen Anne Ingeborg Myhr Audun Helge Nerland Ingolf Nes Kaare Magne Nielsen Hilde-Gunn Opsahl Sorteberg Odd Egil Stabbetorp Vibeke ThraneSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Knut G Berdal Jihong Liu Clarke Sonja Klemsdal Helge Klungland Casper Linnestad Arne Mikalsen Anne Ingeborg Myhr Audun Helge Nerland Ingolf Nes Kaare Magne Nielsen Hilde-Gunn Opsahl Sorteberg Odd Egil Stabbetorp Vibeke ThraneSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Knut G Berdal Jihong Liu Clarke Sonja Klemsdal Helge Klungland Casper Linnestad Arne Mikalsen Anne Ingeborg Myhr Audun Helge Nerland Ingolf Nes Kaare Magne Nielsen Hilde-Gunn Opsahl Sorteberg Odd Egil Stabbetorp Vibeke ThraneSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag