Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
Forfattere
Trygve S. AamlidSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Trygve S. AamlidSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Michelle DaCosta Jefferson Lu J. Scott Ebdon Eric Watkins Dominic Petrella Michael Andrew Bekken Trond Olav Pettersen Trygve S. AamlidSammendrag
Winter damage of golf turf in northern environments is a persistent challenge, and reseeding is often necessary to promote recovery and to maintain adequate density and uniformity for play. However, adverse conditions associated with spring seedings can negatively impact reestablishment of creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L.) (CBG) on golf greens, tees, and fairways. The objectives of the research were to examine different strategies to promote rapid reestablishment of CBG in early spring, including cultivar selection, use of a synthetic cover, and application of plant health products. To assess the impacts of CBG cultivars and cover on reestablishment, 12 cultivars and two cover treatments (without or with a permeable synthetic cover) were established at two locations in 2021 (South Deerfield, A, and Saint Paul, MN). The effects of plant health products on CBG establishment were assessed in separate field trials at two locations in 2021 and 2022 (South Deerfield, MA, and Grimstad, Norway). Plant health product treatments were applied on a weekly basis following emergence and included: control (water), chitosan, silica, acibenzolar S‐methyl, glycine betaine, seaweed extracts (alone or together with humic substances), trinexapac‐ethyl, and gibberellic acid. Soil and air temperatures were monitored, and plots were visually assessed for changes in percent green turfgrass cover. The use of a permeable cover increased soil temperatures and decreased the time to achieve 50% turfgrass cover by 7–12 days, depending on location and regardless of cultivar. Compared to effect of covering treatment, most CBG did not significantly vary in spring establishment rates, except for Independence, which exhibited slower establishment. Among the various plant health products tested over 2 years and two locations, we did not identify any specific product that consistently enhanced early spring establishment of CBG.
Sammendrag
Abstract Red fescue (RF, Festuca rubra L.) is one of the most widely used turfgrass species in Europe. The subspecies Chewings fescue (CF) and slender creeping red fescue (SlCRF) are used on putting greens because they tolerate a mowing height of 4–5 mm. Previous research has shown CF to be more winter‐hardy than SlCRF, however, SlCRF has a greener winter color. Our objective was to find the optimal weight ratio of the two subspecies in seed blends for greens in contrasting climatic regions of the Nordic countries. Musica and Cezanne (reference varieties in SCANGREEN variety testing since 2012) were selected as representatives for CF and SlCRF, respectively. Seed blends including CF/SlCRF in weight ratios of 75/25, 50/50, and 25/75 were compared to pure CF and SlCRF at Sydsjælland GC, Denmark, NIBIO Landvik, Norway, NIBIO Apelsvoll, Norway, and Reykjavik GC, Iceland as an add‐on to SCANGREEN variety testing 2015–2018. Results showed the optimal blends to produce higher turfgrass quality and tiller density than monocultures of either subspecies at all sites except Apelsvoll where plots were killed during the first winter. The best‐performing CF/SlCRF blend was 50/50 at Sydsjælland and Landvik and 75/25 at Reykjavik. While this shows seed blends to have advantages compared with the pure subspecies, the study should be repeated with a focus on dollar spot ( Clarireedia spp.), which has become a major turfgrass disease in Southern Scandinavia since these trials were conducted.
Forfattere
Mette Thomsen Liina Edesi Cecilie Thonar Marta Aranguren Margot Dulais Cagri Akyol Jingsi Zhang Astrid Solvåg NesseSammendrag
Presentaion at SEA2LAND -NOVAFERT Final Conference 5 June 2025
Forfattere
Michael Bekken Dimitrios Pavlou Jingyi Huang Chase M. Straw Christopher J. Kucharik Douglas J. SoldatSammendrag
Three water balance models were used to quantify water use efficiency on 71 golf courses in the United States. The golf courses were separated into five geographic regions. The United States Golf Association (USGA), Tipping‐Bucket (TB), and Agro‐IBIS (AG) water balance models were used to estimate golf course water requirements. Actual water use was divided by the water requirement from each model to generate three water efficiency scores for each golf course (WES USGA , WES TB , and WES AG ). The mean WES USGA was 1.16, the mean WES TB was 1.25, and the mean WES AG was 1.17. Thus, golf courses in this study used between 16% and 25% more water than predicted by the three models. The coefficients of variation of WES USGA , WES TB , and WES AG were all 0.45 or higher, indicating that some golf courses used significantly more or less water than predicted by the models. Rooting depth, irrigated area, and soil texture were especially important modeling parameters for the golf course water requirement calculations. While onsite evaluation should still be carried out to verify the assumptions made by the water balance models, the models are promising tools to quickly identify golf course superintendents who are likely to be using water efficiently and those who could use less.
Forfattere
Michael Bekken Gregg Sanford Douglas J. SoldatSammendrag
The goal of this study was to begin developing a methodology with which individual golf courses can measure their soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and sequestration. We propose a two‐tiered methodology that starts with the space‐for‐time substitution method but then graduates to the longitudinal method. Space‐for‐time allows golf courses to compare their SOC stock to the SOC stock of the surrounding land use, whereas the longitudinal method provides a high‐resolution carbon sequestration estimate after 5 years. The first tier of this methodology was tested on two golf courses that are part of the same golf facility in the United Kingdom. The two golf courses and the agricultural fields adjacent to them, which also represented the historical land use of the golf courses, were sampled to determine their SOC stocks. We recognize that the SOC stock trajectories of the golf courses and neighboring crop fields are unknown, and thus we do not use the term carbon sequestration to describe the differences in carbon stocks between the two land uses. Instead, we use the term counterfactual carbon storage to describe that the SOC stock of the surrounding agricultural fields was the best available representation of what the SOC stock of the land the golf courses are now on would have been had the golf courses not been built. We found the golf courses had higher SOC stocks than the surrounding agricultural fields, which corresponded to 0.41 and 0.77 Mg C ha −1 year −1 more carbon in the soils of the golf courses than on the surrounding agricultural fields. Maintenance emissions from the time of construction to the present were also estimated to calculate the lifecycle net climate impact of the golf courses. Our results highlight the importance of emissions reductions if golf courses are to be carbon neutral throughout their lifecycle.
Sammendrag
As summer droughts become more common and water resources more precious, some golf courses in Scandinavia are turning to lower quality irrigation water to irrigate their courses. We visited seven golf courses on the Baltic coast of Sweden using lower quality irrigation water to interview superintendents and to take soil and water samples for salinity analysis. Four of the seven golf courses experience salinity stress regularly, primarily in a 6–8 week period in July and August. Soil and water samples taken at the seven golf courses in October 2024 generally did not exceed salinity thresholds for cool‐season turfgrasses, but retesting of water and soil will be conducted again in 2025 with at least one of the sampling events conducted during the summer period in which salinity stress symptoms usually occur.
Forfattere
Vegar Bakkestuen Børre Kind Dervo Lars Erikstad Finn Gregersen Marit Mjelde Ruben Alexander Pettersen Ann Kristin Schartau Gaute VelleSammendrag
Bakkestuen, V., Dervo, B.K., Erikstad, L., Gregersen, F., Mjelde, M., Pettersen, R., Schartau, A.K. & Velle, G. 2025. Modellering av limniske naturtyper og metode for beregning av påvirkning i ferskvann og brakkvann. NINA Rapport 2595. Norsk institutt for naturforskning. Denne rapporten beskriver datagrunnlag og metode for å modellere forekomst og påvirkning av limniske naturtyper i Norge. Arbeidet er gjennomført som del av et oppdrag for Miljødirektoratet og bygger videre på eksisterende kartlegging, nasjonale datasett og ny metodikk utviklet i samarbeid mellom NINA og flere fagmiljøer. Det overordnede målet har vært å utvikle grunnlag for bedre oversikt, vurdering og oppfølging av naturverdier i ferskvann og brakkvann, særlig i verna vassdrag. Rapporten skal oppfattes som en framdriftsrapport for pågående arbeid. Alle modellene som presenteres har versjonsnummer for å indikere deres status med hensyn på kvalitet og verifisering. Modellene vil følges av en mer inngående dokumentasjon når de gjøres tilgjengelige. Rapporten presenterer det sammensatte datagrunnlaget som er brukt i modelleringen, herunder N5- og N50-elvedata, nasjonale innsjøpolygoner, berggrunns- og løsmassekart fra NGU, samt en rekke fjernanalysedata fra Sentinel-2, LiDAR og andre kilder. Videre beskrives metodene brukt for modellering i Google Earth Engine (GEE) og ArcGIS Pro, med særlig vekt på bruk av Random Forest og skrånings- og kostfunksjonsmodeller for å identifisere elvesletter, kroksjøer og andre flomdynamiske systemer. Totalt er det 18 utvalgte limniske naturtyper, hvorav 13 er modellert, inkludert kalkrike innsjøer og bekker, gårdsdammer, brakkvannsdammer, humøse sjøer og turbide innsjøer som dekker fastlands-Norge. For hver naturtype er det brukt en kombinasjon av hydrologiske, geologiske og landskapsmessige kriterier, samt bakkedata der dette er tilgjengelig. Mange av modellene er validerte med treningspunkter og uavhengige evalueringsdatasett. I tillegg til typekartene diskuteres det en videreutvikling av en ny metode for å vurdere påvirkning basert på infrastrukturindeksen (ABI), som uttrykker samlet arealbrukspress i nedbørfelt og omkringliggende arealer. Dette gir grunnlag for en overordnet vurdering av grad av forringelse, og muliggjør sammenlikning av ulike vannsystemer – inkludert verna versus ikke-verna vassdrag. Til slutt diskuteres muligheter for oppfølging, inkludert bruk av økologiske grunnkart og nyere fjernanalysedata. Arbeidet danner grunnlag for videre kartlegging og metodetesting, og rapporten gir anbefalinger for videre bruk i forvaltning og prioritering av tiltak.
Forfattere
Iva ZivanovicSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag