Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2023
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
Om gjødselprodukt basert på organisk avfall skal erstatte mineralgjødsel må mengde plantetilgjengelig nitrogen være oppgitt. Vi har kartlagt nitrogeneffekten til 25 slike produkt og evaluert hvordan vi best kan bestemme denne i nye ukjente produkt. Resultatene viste at for produkter som har vært gjennom en betydelig nedbrytningsprosess, som for eksempel biorest, er det plantetilgjengelige nitrogenet i all hovedsak lik produktets innhold av ammonium. Resten av nitrogenet er lite tilgjengelig i løpet av vekstsesongen. For faste avfallsprodukt derimot, som i varierende grad er nedbrutt, tørket eller kanskje tilsatt ferskt protein forteller innholdet av ammonium svært lite om nitrogenvirkningen. For slike produkt ligger utfordringen i å skille mellom raskt- og langsomt tilgjengelig nitrogen. Potteforsøk med planter er godt egnet som metode og inkubasjonsforsøk i klima-skap gir resultater som er svært godt korrelert med nitrogeneffekten i potteforsøk. Vi anbefaler at det jobbes videre med å klarlegge sammenhengen mellom nitrogenfrigjøring fra organiske avfallstyper under kontrollerte laboratorieforhold (inkubasjon) og i potteforsøk med et utvalg relevante vekster. Målet må være å etablere en standardisert analysemetode for nitrogenvirkning som kan brukes i produktinformasjon.
Forfattere
Marianne Bechmann Randi Berland Frøseth Synnøve Rivedal Eva Brod Franziska Fischer Till Seehusen Anne Falk ØgaardSammendrag
Rapporten er en del av et forprosjekt som skal gi grunnlag for utarbeidelse av en handlingsplan for god nitrogenutnyttelse i jordbruket. Det er beskrevet en rekke tiltak med potensiale for bedre utnyttelse av nitrogenressursene som forvaltes i norsk jordbruk. For mer detaljer henvises til teksten i rapporten og oversikten i tabell 1. Se side 5 for utfyllende sammendrag.
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
Closing nutrient cycles by bio-based fertilizer products (BFPs) can improve the environmental sustainability of food systems and facilitate a more circular economy. Although the theoretical potential for nutrient recycling has been explored in detail, BFPs still seldom replace mineral fertilizer products in practice. The aim of the present study was to explore the critical enabling and limiting factors for the use of BFPs as seen from the perspective of farmers, suppliers, and civil society. To this aim, qualitative interviews were conducted with seven conventional grain farmers, six suppliers of BFPs, and five representatives of civil society, limited to environmental non-governmental organizations. The presented results illustrate a mismatch between demand and supply. On the one hand, the interviewed farmers were only interested in using BFPs if they are practical to use, balanced with respect to nutrient contents, and potentially provide the same earnings as mineral fertilizers. Positive effects for soil quality were an important driver for many of the farmers. On the other hand, the suppliers of BFPs were generally not able to offer products that fulfilled the farmers’ demands without economic losses, and they emphasized that they have faced several regulatory challenges. Representatives of regional civil society organizations expressed concern that new technical solutions could cause new environmental challenges, and that BFPs could enable further intensification of livestock production. The central-level representatives from the same NGOs, however, were positive about that BFPs can solve environmental problems. Policy instruments will be needed to increase the adoption of PFPs. Fostering BFPs’ that contribute to a sustainable agriculture is important to consider when formulating these polices.
Forfattere
Bjarne Paulsrud Ingrid Sjølander Trine Eggen Siri Voll Dombu Anne Falk Øgaard Ola Stedje HanserudSammendrag
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Sammendrag
Livestock husbandry has raised enormous environmental concerns around the world, including water quality issues. Yet there is a need to document long-term water quality trends in livestock-intensive regions and reveal the drivers for the trends based on detailed catchment monitoring. Here, we assessed the concentration and load trends of dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) in streamwater of a livestock-intensive catchment in southwestern Norway, based on continuous flow measurements and flow-proportional composite water sampling. Precipitation and catchment-level soil P balance were monitored to examine the drivers. At the field level, moreover, the relationship between soil P balance and soil test P (measured using the ammonium lactate extraction method, P-AL) was assessed. Results showed that on average of 20 years 95 % of the P was applied to the catchment during March–August, when 40 % of annual precipitation and 25 % of annual discharge occurred. The low runoff helped reduce P loss following P applications. However, flow-weighted annual mean DRP concentration significantly increased with increasingly cumulative soil P surplus (R2 = 0.55, p = 0.0002). With a mean annual P surplus of 8.8 kg ha−1, the annual mean DRP concentration (range: 49–140 μg L−1; mean: 80 μg L−1) and annual DRP load (range: 0.35–1.46 kg ha−1; mean: 0.65 kg ha−1) significantly increased over the 20-year monitoring period (p = 0.001 and 0.0003, respectively). At the field level, P-AL concentrations were positively correlated with soil P balances (R2 = 0.48, p < 0.0001), confirming the long-term impact of P balances on the risks of P loss. The study highlights the predominant role of long-term P balances in affecting DRP loss in livestock-intensive regions through the effect on soil test P.
Sammendrag
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