Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2008
Sammendrag
Increasing levels of Fusarium toxins, particularly deoxynivalenol (DON), T-2 /HT-2 and moniliformin, have been recorded in Norwegian cereals during the last few years. Previously F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. poae and F. tricinctum were the most common Fusarium species found on cereals in Norway. However, more recently F. graminearum has occurred more frequently, and the T-2/HT-2 toxin producing species F. langsethiae has also been detected, especially in oats. Investigations were made to clarify if there has been a change in the composition of Fusarium species. We are aiming to establish a three-step screening system in order to identify grain lots with high levels of Fusarium toxins: 1- Identify `high-risk" fields/lots, based on information on cultivation practice and climatic conditions, through the use of a FHB-prediction model. 2- Analyze the `high-risk" lots using a rapid test selected for its capacity to detect Fusarium toxins in a large number of grain samples at low cost. 3- Forward selected samples (based on analyses in step 2) for chemical mycotoxin analyses. Since 2004, we have run chemical mycotoxin analyses on grain samples from oat and spring wheat grown in Norway under different climatic conditions. Prediction models will be developed to estimate the risk of Fusarium infection and mycotoxin development in cereal fields, based on data for weather and cultivation practices. Preliminary results from using the prediction models will be presented.
Sammendrag
Increasing levels of Fusarium toxins, particularly deoxynivalenol (DON), T-2 /HT-2 and moniliformin, have been recorded in Norwegian cereals during the last few years. Previously F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. poae and F. tricinctum were the most common Fusarium species found on cereals in Norway. However, more recently F. graminearum has occurred more frequently, and the T-2/HT-2 toxin producing species F. langsethiae has also been detected, especially in oats. Investigations were made to clarify if there has been a change in the composition of Fusarium species. We are aiming to establish a three-step screening system in order to identify grain lots with high levels of Fusarium toxins: 1- Identify `high-risk" fields/lots, based on information on cultivation practice and climatic conditions, through the use of a FHB-prediction model. 2- Analyze the `high-risk" lots using a rapid test selected for its capacity to detect Fusarium toxins in a large number of grain samples at low cost. 3- Forward selected samples (based on analyses in step 2) for chemical mycotoxin analyses. Since 2004, we have run chemical mycotoxin analyses on grain samples from oat and spring wheat grown in Norway under different climatic conditions. Prediction models will be developed to estimate the risk of Fusarium infection and mycotoxin development in cereal fields, based on data for weather and cultivation practices. Preliminary results from using the prediction models will be presented.
Sammendrag
We investigated whether the stand age affects the life span of tree and understory fine roots (<1mm) in three Norway spruce (Picea abies) stands: 30, 60 and 120-yr-old. In each stand 9 minirhizotrons were installed and images were collected once in a month throughout the growing season during the three years. Norway spruce fine roots in the 30-yr old stand had a life span 401 ± 27 and 341 ± 68 days, and understory 409 ± 162 and 349 ± 142 days, estimated by using the Kaplan Meier survival analysis (KM) and Weibull distribution, respectively...
Sammendrag
Nokre planter er det rett og slett forbod mot å planta, så som pile- og bulkemispel, på grunn av pærebrann. Eit anna døme er ask, der det no er restriksjonar på flytting av planter til smittefrie sonar på grunn av askeskotsjuke. Dessutan er det mange planter som er så utsette for sjukdom at ein bør unngå dei på grunn av redusert prydverdi.
Forfattere
Aruppillai Suthaparan Arne Stensvand Sissel Torre Maria Herrero Rolf Inge Pettersen Hans Ragnar GislerødSammendrag
Artikkelen omhandlar resultat av forsøk med auka daglengde for å redusera problem med mjøldogg i roser.
Forfattere
Nenad Kea Halvor SolheimSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Halvor Solheim Iben Margarethe ThomsenSammendrag
I de siste 10-15 årene er Ask (Fraxinus excelsior) blitt rammet av en virussjukdom som har spredd seg fra Polen til nærliggende områder. Både Sverige og Danmark er rammet, og Norge kan står for tur.
Forfattere
Halvor SolheimSammendrag
Climate change may influence in a worse manner for the forests in various ways. Some pathogens may increase their importance and new may arrive. Root and butt rot is the most serious problem in Norway spruce forests. In mean more than every fourth tree is infested when harvested. Dryer summers may give increased frequency of rot caused by Heterobasidion. In addition Armillaria spp may gain change in weather condition both as root rot and in connection with a syndrome together with drought and bark beetles. More unstable winter climate may give increase of Gremmeniella attack on Scots pine. Longer and warmer growth season will give many pathogens better condition. Among those is Ophiostoma novo-ulmi causing Dutch elm disease which is lasting in south eastern Norway at a rather low frequency and the volume of elm is not lower than for 15 years ago. In which way the newly introduced Chalara fraxinea will behave in Norway is uncertain, but a better growth season will probably also influence on the possibility to be spread all over Norway where ash are growing.
Forfattere
Rimvydas Vasaitis Bo Långström Halvor Solheim Ylva Persson Katarina Ihrmark Jan StenlidSammendrag
Ips typographus is economically most important insect pest of mature spruce in Eurasia. Normally, it prefers to reproduce in dead and/or dying trees, but following large-scale storm disturbances, its outbreaks kill waste areas of living stands. One factor triggering such epidemics is a surplus of broken and uprooted trees with non-existent, or weak, defence....
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag