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NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.

1999

Sammendrag

There is growing interest in production of arable crops on organic farms with few or no livestock. This calls for more detailed knowledge on how to optimize the fertilization effect from preceding crops. As part of a research programme started in 1998 we are studying to what extent undersown clover can supply successive grain crops with neccessary nutrients, in particular nitrogen (N). We are also examining if and how release of N can be manipulated, in order to synchronize it with the N demand. In this paper we discuss central hypotheses and present some preliminary results from experiments with undersown clover crops. Considerable amounts of N (50-90 kg ha -1) were found in above ground clover biomass in a field experiment with undersown clover. In a laboratory experiment, above ground biomass of clover and straw (harvested in autumn) was mixed into the soil in amounts proportional to the measured field yields. This resulted in an insignificant net N mineralization during the first 80 days. The reason was immobilization of N during straw decomposition. By day 160, however, considerable amounts of N were remineralized. In a following experiment, both above and below ground biomass of clover and straw (harvested in spring) was incubated. This resulted in net N mineralization from the start of the incubation. Probably, mineralization of straw C during winter had reduced the N immobilization potential. We hypothesize that the N effect of clover subcrops, in principle, can be improved by separating in time straw C mineralization from clover N mineralization. We also speculate that this can be implemented in farming practices. Moreover, roots were disregarded in the first experiment, but included in the second. In a third incubation experiment, with red clover, we found that root N contributed with 30% of mineralized N from the clover biomasss after 25 days. Thus, root-derived inorganic N may explain the differences between the two first experiments.When assessing the N effect of crop residues on successive plant growth, root N and root degradability must, therefore, be taken into consideration. In organic arable crop systems with small amounts of animal manure, microbial fixation of atmospheric N must be maximized and losses of N from the system must be minimized. This is the subject of further research in this programme.

Sammendrag

En ny spinnmidd (Eotetranychus lewisii) er funnet i julestjerne i norsk veksthus. I Europa er denne midden hittil bare kjent fra Tyskland. Artikkelen inneholder informasjon om utbredelse, vertplanter, biologi, utseende og bekjempelse

Sammendrag

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