Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2005
Forfattere
Anssi Niskanen Anders LunnanSammendrag
Entrepreneurship can be defined as the process of transformation of new economic opportunities into values in the markets. It has become the engine of economic and social development throughout the world. Rural areas have some fundamental disadvantages for enterprises and entrepreneurship: they provide less skilled labor, less non-traded inputs to industry and at a higher cost, and finally but perhaps most importantly, rural areas are less attractive in terms of access to knowledge and information than concentrations of industries and population.Often the actions for new entrepreneurship in rural areas are targeted to the production and use of natural resources e.g. in agriculture, fishery, forestry, processing and nature-based tourism. Rural areas also have some fundamental advantages for enterprises and entrepreneurship as they provide cheap location for the enterprises, good quality of life for the employees and reliable unskilled labor.Entrepreneurship policies can be divided into policies that support the demand or supply for entrepreneurial activities.The (i) demand side policies aim to elaborate the opportunities to engage actors in entrepreneurial activity. They include, for example, deregulation of entry in the markets, privatization of public services and promotion of firm linkages or clustering. The (ii) supply side policies focus on promoting the capabilities of individuals and firms and facilitating access to resources, for example, via education and training, incubators, micro-credits and other financial incentives and various promo-campaigns. Entrepreneurship policy can also (iii) change the risk-reward profile of an entrepreneur by shaping taxes, subsidies, labor market rules and bankruptcy regulations. The aim of this paper is to consolidate the knowledge on the applied entrepreneurship policies (i-iii) in forestry in Finland, Norway, Japan, Australia, the Philippines and the United States. Aside this, the paper aims for identifying research needs and gaps of knowledge on forest sector entrepreneurship to suggest approaches for future research.
Forfattere
Karin Jacobs Brenda D. Wingfield Halvor Solheim Michael J. WingfieldSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Jan BjerketvedtSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Redaktører
Kåre HobbelstadSammendrag
SNS-meeting 2004 in Nordic Forest Inventory was held at Sjusjøen, Norway, September 6-8, 2004. This publication is a collection of all the subjects dealt with at the meeting. The articles are written by the speakers on the meeting. The subjects were country and team reports, lidar measurements in forest inventory, national forest inventory, remote sensing studies, forest planning and current topics in forest modelling.
Forfattere
Per Holm NygaardSammendrag
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Forfattere
Halvor SolheimSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
We investigate ecosystem dynamics by analyzing time series of measured variables. The information content and the complexity of these data are quantifed by methods from information theory.When applied to runoff (stream discharge) from catchments, the information/complexity relation reveals a simple non-trivial property for a large ensemble (more than 1800) of time series. This behaviour is so far not understood in hydrology.Using a multi-agent network receiving input resembling rainfall and producing output, we are able to reproduce the observed behaviour for the first time. The reconstruction is based on the identification and subsequent replacement of general patterns in the input. We thus consider runoff dynamics as the expression of an interactive learning problem of agents in an ecosystem.
Forfattere
Jolanda Roux Halvor Solheim Michael J. WingfieldSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag